substantial deterioration of the food supply of "our German people." I submit that the hint is sufficiently clear. The document was distributed to the High Command of the Army, to the Commands of Corps Areas, to military authorities in Bohemia and Moravia, to military commissioners in a number of cities. of the Red Army. On the basis of their own estimates the monthly ration for Soviet prisoners of war was 42% in regard to fats, 66% in regard to sugar and bread and 0% in regard to meat as compared with the amount of food provided for prisoners of war from other armies fighting against Germany.
Moreover there was a special note in the directive itself. You will find the special note on page 19 of the Document Book.
"If the ration for non-Soviet prisoners of war is reduced, the ration for Soviet prisoners of war must be lowered accordingly." an adult person, more often than not existed only on paper.
THE PRESIDENT: Colonel Pokrovsky, I don't think it matters very much, but when you said "0 per cent" in regard to meat, when you were dealing with the percentages, was that correct, because in setting out the amount of food which they were allowed or were supposed to be allowed, there was 400 grams of meat for ordinary men and 600 grams of meat for other men doing special work, and I don't see how 600 grams can be 0 per cent of the ration allowed to other non-Soviet prisoners.
COLONEL POKROVSKY: You are quite right, sir. I have the same figure; here, but there is no, contradiction here at all. I am reporting to the Tribunal now that there were several directives, and the first one seems to be the best one for the Soviet prisoners of war. That states that 400 grams of meat was the ration. The next directive, which established the percentage of food supply for the Soviet prisoners of war and others, shows O per cent.
the prisoners of war, in that case the Soviet prisoners wouldn't receive any meat at all.
THE PRESIDENT: I see. Then you say that the words "on the basis of their own estimates" are referring to some estimates other than the estimate which you give. It doesn't matter about that, but I understand you to say that there are other estimates which show they didn't give them anything.
COLONEL POKROVSKY: You are quite right, sir. question. That is No. USSR-177. You will find it on page 21 of your Document Book. This is a record of a conference of the Ministry of Supply under the direction of State Secretary Bakke and Ministerial Director Moritz. The document is dated November 24, 1941, 1630 hours. Among those who took part in the conference were representatives of various departments, in particular General Reineke -- probably the Tribunal remembers that it was Reineke who headed that particular phase of the work which dealt with the prisoners of war -- and Ministerial Director Mansfeld. The subject under discussion was the supply of Russian prisoners of war and civilian workers. I quote:
" I. Types of Food "Attempts to produce special bread for Russians have shown that the most useful mixture is 50% rye bran, 20% residue of sugar beet, 20% cellulose flour and 10% flour made out of straw and leaves.
"Meat which usually is not used for food can never satisfy sufficient] the demand for meat; Russians must, therefore, be supplied with horse meat and with meat which is little suitable for food and which is today issued in double quantities on ration cards.
"The present technique of the production of fat is such that there are no longer any unsuitable fats; the Russians should, therefore, receive good edible fats."
These words of mockery can hardly pass unnoticed. Russian prisoners of war, who had been receiving "meat which usually is not used for food", were now to receive on their starvation rations only "meat which is today issued in double quantities on ration cards", and instead of fats they were to get certain substances which can be used for food only due to "the present tech nique of the production of fat."
And these products are called "good edible fats."
The second part of the document is entitled "Rations." I quote. The part being cited by me is on pages 21 and 22 in your document book.
"Since there is great discrepancy between the estimates of the experts of the Reich Ministry of Health and those of the Central Medical Department of the Army concerning the necessary calory value of foodstuffs, the final determining of rations will be done in the course of the week by a narrower circle of experts, the Ministry of Supply. The soup made of flour during seven days as rations will be for Russians who do not work in the camp.
"III. The number of Russians whom the Reich Ministry of Supply can supply with food."
I should note here that this sentence means "The number of Russians which the Reich Ministry of Supply can supply with food is being ascertained now."
"State Secretary Bakke was noncommital in answer to persistent questioning by General Reineke and Ministerial Director Mansfeld." note in pencil: "It is requested to clear up the matter of the rations because State Secretary Bakke is, apparently, becoming irrational." The signature is illegible. arguments that were going on. You see, it is shown here in the data that there is considerable discrepancy between the estimates of the Reich Ministry of Health and the Central Medical Department, a great discrepancy. to my questions that almost all prisoners of war who died of starvation in the Dachau Camp were men of the Red Army. I shall submit evidence showing that the Dachau Camp was not an exception in that Respect.
On 27 April 1942 People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs of the USSR was forced to submit a new note. I present this note as our exhibit under No. USSR-51. you will find the place I am referring to on page 13 in your document book where it is marked with red pencil for your convenience.
"The Soviet Government how has at its disposal many hundreds of new documents confirming the nefarious crimes committed against Soviet war prisoners, dealt with in the Note of the Government of the USSR dated 25 November 1941.
"It has been incontrovertibly established that the German Command, desiring to take revenge for the defeats inflicted on its army in the last few months, has everywhere introduced the practice of physical extermination of Soviet war prisoners.
"Along the entire length of the front, from the Arctic to the Black Sea, bodies of slain Soviet war prisoners and tortured war prisoners have been discovered. In almost every case these corpses bear traces of horrible torture, which preceded murder. In dugouts from which Red Army troops have driven the Germans, in fortifications, and also in populated centers, Are found bodies of Soviet prisoners who have been murdered after savage torture. Facts like the following, recorded in affidavits signed by eye witnesses, are being uncovered with increasing frequency. On march 2 and 6, 1942, on the Crimean front, in the district of Hill 66,3, village of Jantora, the bodies of 9 Red Army men who had been taken prisoner were found so brutally tortured by the Fascists that only 2 of the corpses could be identified. The nails had been drawn from the fingers of the tortured war prisoners, their eyes had been gouged out, and the right breast of one corpse had been completely cut out; there were traces of torture by fire, numerous knife wounds, and broken jaws.
"In Feodosia scores of bodies of tortured Azerbaijanian Red Army men were found. Among them were Ismail-Zadch Jafarov, whose eyes had been gouged out and ears slashed off by the Hitlerites; Kuli-Zadch Alibekov, whose arms had been dislocated by the Hitlerites, after which he had been bayonetted; Corporal Ali ogly Islom-Mahmed, whose stomach had been ripped open by the Hitlerites; Mustafa ogly Asherov, who had been bound to a post with wire and died of his wounds in this position."
And then, in the same note, is cited:
"In the village of Krasnaperovo, Smolensk region, attacking units of the Red Army found 29 stripped dead bodies of captive Red Army men and officers, none of whom had a single bullet wound.
All the prisoners had been knifed to death. In the same district, in the village of Babevo, the Hitlerites placed 58 captive Red Army men and two women ambulance-workers in a haystack and then set fire to the hay.
When the people who had been doomed to be burned to death attempted to escape from the flames, the Germans shot them.
"In the village of Kuloshovka, the Germans captured 16 severely wounded men and officers, stripped the prisoners, tore the dressings from their wounds, tormented them with hunger, stabbed them with bayonets, broke their arms, tore open their wounds, and subjected them to other tortures, after which those who were still alive were locked up in a house, which was then set on fire.
"In the village of Strenevo Kalinin region, the Germans locked 50 wounded captive Red Army men in a school building and burnt them to death.
"In the town of Velokelamsk the invaders forbade Red Army men who had been locked on the fifth floor of House No. 316 Proleterskeja Ulitsa to leave the house when a fire broke out. Those who attempted to leave or to jump from the windows were shot. 60 prisoners perished in the flames or were killed by bullets.
"In the village of Papovka, Tula Region, the Germans drove 140 captive Red Army men into a barn and set fire to it. Twenty-five perished in the flames. Six kilometers from Pegostye Station, in the Leningrad Region, the Germans, in the course of their retreat, under pressure of the Red Army troops, used explosive bullets to kill over 150 Soviet war prisoners after frightful beatings and savage torture. On most of the bodies the ears had been slashed off, the eyes gouged out, and the fingers chopped off, while several had had one or both hands hacked off and their tongues torn out. Stars had been cut out on the backs of three Red Army men. Not long before the liberation of the town of Kondrovo, Smolensk region, by units of the Red Army in December 1941, the Germans executed over 200 Red Army prisoners of war whom they had taken through the city, naked and barefoot, to the outskirts, shooting on the spot those who were exhausted and unable to walk any further, as well as those local citizens who gave them bread on their way through the city."
THE PRESIDENT: We will adjourn now for ten minutes.
(Whereupon a recess was taken.)
the Nazi conspirators did their best; inventing new and ever newer methods of exterminating people. The note states:
"Of late a number of new cases have been established in which the German Command made use of Soviet war prisoners for clearing mined fields, and for other hazardous work. Thus, in the district of the villages of Bolshaja and Malaja Vloya, for four days the Germans drove scores of prisoners lined up in close ranks back and forth over a mined field. Every day several prisoners were blown to pieces by mines. Provision is made for this method of killing prisoners in the orders of the German command." Order No.109 to the 203rd Infantry Regiment states:
"General Field Marshal Rundstedt, Commander-in-Chief of the Army, has ordered that with a view to sparing German blood, the search for mines and the clearing of mined fields be done, apart from the military operations by Russian prisoners. This refers to German mines as well." as something possible, but is proclaimed as obligatory to all the soldiers of the German Army.
The Peoples' Commissar refers to the following documents issued by the German Command, stressing the fact that this looting done in wintertime doomed the Red Army men to death by freezing.
"An order of the Staff of the 88th Regiment of the 34th German Infantry Division headed "Situation With Respect to Uniforms" imposed, "Boots should be removed from Russian war prisoners without hesitation." That this order is not an accidental one is seen from the fact that even before the perfidious attack on the USSR the German Command provided for recourse to this system of supplying its troops. a circular was found numbered 121/4 and dated June 6, 1941, bearing the heading "On the Principles of Supply in the East." This circular states on page 8: "You must not count on being furnished clothing. Therefore it is particularly important to remove serviceable footwear from war prisoners and to make immediate use of all suitable clothing, underwear, socks, etc."
Soviet war prisoners, deprived them of food, condemned them to slow starvation, and in some cases used poisoned food. Soviet authorities have in their possession Order No.202 of the staff of the above mentioned 88th Regiment, which states:
"The carcasses of horses will serve as food for Russian war prisoners. Such points where the carcasses of horses are dumped are distinguished by signs. They can be found along the highways in Malo-Yaroslavets and in the villages of Romanovo and Byeloussovo."
Order No. 166/41 to the 60th Motorized Infantry Division is quite outspoken in demanding the mass murder of Soviet war prisoners. This order states: "Russian soldiers and junior commanders are extremely brave in battle. Even small isolated units always undertake an attack. In this connection a humane attitude towards the prisoners is not permissible. The destruction of the enemy by fire or by cold weapon must be continued until he is rendered completely harmless....." prisoners, under No. 1/3058, contain the following instructions: "At the slightest sign of insubordination energetic and direct action must be taken, and arms must be used ruthlessly. Sticks, canes, and whips must not be used. Leniency, even towards an obedient and hard-working prisoner, only shows weakness and must not be indulged in." (From point 2.) "At work the distance to the prisoner must always be such as to permit of immediate recourse to arms." (From point 3.).
All this proved to be insufficient. The Order of the High Command of the German Army dated 14 January, 1942, and issued in the name of Hitler as Commander-in-Chief, states -- paragraph 2:
"All leniency or humaneness with regard to war prisoners is strictly condemned. A German soldier must always make his prisoner feel his superiority. Every delay in resorting to arms against a war prisoner harbors danger.
The Commander-in-Chief of the Army expects these directions will be fully carried out."
"The Soviet Government continues to receive reliable information on the condition of captive Red Army men in the German-occupied territories of the USSR as well as in the German rear and in the German-occupied European countries. This information testifies to the further deterioration of the regime instituted for captive Red Army men, and that they are particularly badly off in comparison with the war prisoners of other countries. It further testifies to the dying of Soviet war prisoners of starvation and illness, to heinous indignities and bloody cruelty systematically applied to the Red Army men by the Hitlerite authorities who have long since violated the most elementary requirements of international law and human ethics." cruelty perpetrated by the German-Fascist gangsters against the Soviet war prisoners exceed the atrocities of Tschingiss-Han, Batys, and Mamai. "The Soviet Government, true to the principles of humaneness and respect for its international obligations, has no intention, even in the given circumstances, of applying retaliatory repressive measures against German war prisoners, and continues as hitherto to observe the obligations undertake by the Soviet Union with regard to the regime for war prisoners specified by the Hague Convention of 1907, which was likewise signed but so perfidiously violated in every one of its points by Germany." prisoners. The authors of the document, on one hand, by a series of new facts have added to the number of atrocities committed by the conspirators against the Soviet war prisoners; and on the other hand they have confirmed that the Soviet Command is true to the principles of humaneness in its attitude towards the German war prisoners. secrets of Hitler's archives. Along with a large number of documents that raise the curtain on the criminal plans of the conspirators, we have also obtained a wide opportunity of interrogating living witnesses.
A whole series of questions become finally clear as the witnesses' depositions are being cross-checked with the documentary archives. Much now evidence has also been received by us on the subject of the crimes against the prisoners of war. exterminating the Soviet prisoners of war appeared as of April 27, 1942, in the official communication of Molotov, People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs in the USSR. and was planned in advance of the aggressive war against the Soviet Union. The Tribunal will see that the regime for war prisoners was really a sum total of divers methods of their extermination. Let us turn to the testimony of the witnesses. October 31, 1945, testified -- I submit to the Court as our No. 341 -
"Prior to the beginning of the offensive against Russia, the I do not recall the exact date of the meeting.
I do not know used in the war against the West."
quoted from was on page twenty-four.
"Investigating Officer: What else did he say?
"Witness: He said that the struggle between Russian and Germany is a struggle between races. He said that since the Russians were not signatories to the Hague Convention the treatment of their prisoners of war does not have to follow the articles of the Convention."
DR. NELTE (Counsel for defendant Keitel): Lieutenant General Halder is in the prison here at Nurnberg, and he is a very important witness not only to the testimony at hand but in general also. And I believe, according to our principles, which have been formulated by the High Tribunal in connection with Article XXI of the Charter, it might be significant to hear this witness personally rather than use written testimony, and I ask for a decision.
THE PRESIDENT: Colonel Pokrovsky, did you wish to make any answer to Dr. Nelte's request?
COLONEL POKROVSKY: With the permission of the Tribunal, I will submit to him my consideration in this case. The testimony of Halder is of importance to us only in one respect, namely, that he states the fact of the meeting with Hitler before the war; the conference at which the question of treatment of Russian war prisoners was discussed. This fact also finds confirmation in other testimonies which were submitted by us to this Tribunal, and therefore I think that there is no reason and no need for examination of this witness, because this interrogation may cause a further delay as it will refer only to this question, and the German defense may ask questions which are not necessary. I also would consider this proposal, that it would be proper for the German defense to request the Tribunal and explain for what reason it wants to cross-examine Halder; and if this Tribunal will agree then it will render a proper decision.
THE PRESIDENT: The Tribunal considers that if the interrogation of General Halder is to be used and it has been used, that General Halder must be brought for cross-examination, provided it is true that he is in Nurnberg.
reason for allowing interrogations to be used is on account of the difficulty of bringing -witnesses to Nurnberg. Therefore, if an interrogation is allowed to be used and the witness is in Nurnberg, the witness must be produced for cross-examination, I mean of course, at a time which is convenient to counsel. will have him brought here at a time which is convenient to you during the presentation of your case.
COLONEL POKROVSKY: With the permission of the Court, we will finally find out where Halder is at the present time and if he is in Nurnberg he will be produced as a witness.
COLONEL POKROVSKY: We must note here another Fascist lie. Hitler was intentionally misrepresenting facts. That the Soviet Union pledged to follow the statutes of the Hague Convention is generally known. Even the Criminal Code of the Soviet Union provides for the defense of the rights of the prisoners of-war, in accordance with international law, and those guilty of violations are considered criminally responsible.
The Note of the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs in the USSR, Mr. V.M. Molotov, of 27 April 1942, once again mentions the obligations of the Hague Convention which the Soviet Union had pledged to follow. To that Note I have already referred.
Continuing, I shall again quote from Halder's deposition concerning Hitler's speech: (You will find it on page 24) "Then he said that considering the level of the Russian troops' political developement (in the original here follows dots or marks of a meaningful and intend pause), in a ward he said that the so-called Commissars should not be considered prisoners-of-war."
consciousness of the Red Army soldiers, the Hitlerites saw a Commissar or a communist in almost every prisoner of war. Then there is recorded the following question of the investigating officer and the reply to it: "Investigating Officer: Did the Fuehrer say anything about an order which should be issued on the subject?
"Witness: What I just said was his order. He said that he wanted it carried out even if no written order followed."
After Halder's deposition, in the document book on your table, there is an extract from the deposition of the former Deputy Chief of the Operations Section of the OKW Headquarters, General Warlimont, dated 12 November 1945. He was testifying on oath before Lot. Colonel Hinkel of the American Army. I do not intend to read the whole statement as it largely repeats Halder's deposition.
DR. OTTO NELTE: (Counsel for Defendant Keitel) Mr. President: Regarding General Warlimont, we have the same reasons which I just mentioned regarding Lt. General Halder. General Warlimont is also present in Nurnberg and is at your disposal for examination in the Court. intended to start reading. I beg that he do not use this document but rather uses the personal testimony of General Warlimont because he is, at present, in Nurnberg.
THE PRESIDENT: The Tribunal has just ruled that the interrogation of General Halder be used but that if it is used, and it is being used, he must be submitted for cross-examination by the other Counsel for the defendants. What more do you want?
DR. NELTE: I am not speaking about Lt. General Halder but about General Warlimont.
THE PRESIDENT: I thought we had already ruled upon General Warlimont; that he had to be called - - that is only yesterday or the day before.
DR. NELTE: I believe that the Russian Prosecutor does not remember this ruling otherwise he would not be reading this document but he would be introducing General Warlimont in Court in person.
THE PRESIDENT: I think the ruling of the Tribunal was that the Prosecutor should be entitled to use the interrogation but if he did so, he must submit the witness for cross-examination. Therefore, the Soviet Prosecutor is entitled to read the interrogation and General Warlimont will then be produced for the purpose of cross-examination.
DR. NELTE: Will he have to do that or is it up to him? May he use his own discretion?
THE PRESIDENT: I suppose he mighy use his own discretion and call the witness if he wanted to and not put in the interrogation.
You see, Dr. Nelte, the position of the Tribunal is this. If the Prosecuting Counsel chooses to call the witness and not to use the interrogation then, of course, he calls the witness, examines the witness and the witness is liable to cross-examination by Defense Counsel. If, on the other hand, the Prosecuting Counsel wishes to use the interrogation, which he already has, he can do so but if the witness is available in or near Nurnberg he must still be produced for cross-examination. they use an interrogation which they have already got or call the witness. But in either case the witness, if he is here, must be produced for crossexamination.
DR. NELTE: Does that mean both witnesses? Halder and Warlimont are both in Nurnberg and at the disposal of the Court. I am just asking for information as to what period of time these two witnesses will be produced. with the documents as they are produced by the Prosecution.
THE PRESIDENT: I thought that was a matter you might settle with the Prosecuting Counsel as to whether you wished to cross-examine him directly after the interrogation has been presented or after as short delay. If I were to say that he is to be cross-examined immediately after the interrogation has been put in probably Defense Counsel would say the wanted time to consider the interrogation. But you can surely settle that with Colonel Pokrovsky.
DR. NELTE: I will deal with the Russian Prosecution on this matter then. Thank you.
COLONEL POKROVSKY: With the permission of the Tribunal I will commence form the point where I stopped. under oath, of General Warlimont given to Colonel Hinkel of the American Army.
Warlimont, in many cases, repeats Halder. The important thing is that he confirms in it the two facts:
(1) That it was Hitler who conducted the meeting described by Halder.
(2) That even before the war, Hitler directed that the prisoners-of-war were to be shot; that special units were to be created for the purpose and that the SD was to follow the Army.
Warlimont further testified: (I quote from page 26):
"Hitler then added that he did not expect his officers to understand to his orders."
We have one more testimonial, that of the Lt.General of the German Army, Kurt von Osterreich, the former Chief of the POW Section of the Danzig Military District. He testified personally before the representatives of the Red Army on 29 December 1945. His testimonial is registered as document No. USSR-151 and can be found in your document book. I shall quote a few excerpts "I began my work as the Chief of the POW Section at the Headquarters of the Danzig Military District on 1 February 1941.
"Prior to that I was the Commanding Officer of the 207th Infantry Division, located in France. It was towards March 1941 that I was summoned to Berlin to attend a secret meeting at the Headquarters of the Commander-inChief.
"This conference was conducted by Lt. General Reinecke, who was Chief of POW Section at the General Staff.
"More than twenty Chiefs of the District POW Sections from various region were present at this conference, as well as several Staff Officers, whose names I can't just now recall.
"General Reinecke told us as a great secret that for the beginning of the Summer 1941 there is planned a tentative invasion of the Soviet territory and that in connection with this the High Command made provisions for the necessar measures, including the creation of camps for the Russian prisoners-of-war expected after the start of operations on the Eastern Front". greater importance:
"On this occasion he ordered to construct open-air camps surrounded by barbed wire, in cases where there would be no time to construct roofed barrack for the Russian prisoners.
"Further Reinecke gave instructions as to the treatment of the Russian prisoners-of-war, directing us to shoot without any warning those prisoners who might try to escape...."
I now quote from page 28:
.... "Sometime later I received a directive from the Headquarters of the Supreme Command confirming Reinecke's order to shoot without warning any Russian prisoners attempting to escape. I do not now recollect who signed this directive..." military district chiefs on POW affairs; this conference took place in Berlin, either towards the end of 1941 or the beginning of 1942. The conference was conducted by Major-General von Grebenitz. The question under discussion was what to do with those Russian prisoners-of-war who were unable to work as the result of wounds, illness or exhaustion. document book.
"... On the proposal of Grebenitz this question was discussed by several officers who were present, including doctors, who stated, that such war prisoners should be concentrated in one place -- in the camp of hospital and killed by poisoning. As a result of this discussion Grebenitz ordered us to murder war prisoners incapable of work, using for this purpose medical personn of the camps". line of duty, he learned there, as he says: (this is also on page 29) "A method of murdering Russian war prisoners is already adopted there". It is important to note reference to this which is quoted on the fourth page of the Russian text (you will find it on page 29 in your document book, third paragraph from the top.)
"... When I was in the Ukraine I received from Headquarters a top-secret order signed by Himmler, directing that beginning with August 1942 Russian war prisoners must be branded with a special mark. Russian war prisoners were kept in concentration camps under severe conditions, were poorly fed, suffered from moral debasement and died of hunger and illness."
Osterreich names facts which confirm this testimony. The following episode is revealingly characteristic.
I quote the second paragraph of the fifth page: (it is on page 31 in your document book).
"In the beginning of 1942 when an echelon of Russian war prisoners was being moved from Ukraine to the city of Torn, there died approximately 75 people, the corpses of which were not taken away and were left together with the living people. About 100 was prisoners who could not bear such conditions and tried to escape were shot."
Many such and similar cases are known to the witness. He enumerates them, but I do not think it is necessary to cite all of them to the Tribunal all political workers of the Red Army, Communists and Jews. Soviet war prisoners under the pretext that he is suspected of belonging to Communist party or if he resembled a Jew. sentence mentioned, as I believe, by the Commander-in-Chief General Fieldmarshal von Reichenau in "The conduct army in the East". This quotation is on page 33 in your document book:
"Supplying peaceful population and the war prisoners with food is an unnecessary act of humanness".I submit to the Military Tribunal this despicable directive of Hitler's Field-marshall and request to accept it as evidence.
This document is registered under No. SSSR-12.
THE PRESIDENT: Could you tell us what the nature of this order of Field Marshal von Reichenau was? Was it a general order or was it a report?
COLONEL POKROVSKY: The order is signed by General Field Marshal von Reichenau.
THE PRESIDENT: Was it captured or what?
COLONEL POKROVSKY: This document was one of those captured by the Russian Army.
Three of Hitler's important officers have confirmed that already at the beginning of the war the question of extermination of Soviet war prisoners was settled during a special conference. They differ slightly in details, but this fact is established quite definitely.
Reichenau confirms also, that even the supply of food to the soldiers of the Red Army, which were taken prisoners by the Germans, was considered as "unnecessary humanness."
Perhaps it is useful to produce to you the Document No. 884-PS. It bears the signature of Warlimont and a postscript of Jodl. The document was prepared at the Fuehrer's Headquarters 12 May, 1941. It said that "OKH proposed a draft of directive in connection with dealings with responsible political workers and similar persons." This quotation is on page 35 in the book of documents, as well as the following ones which I am going to quote.
The draft foresaw "the removal" of persons of this category. The decision on the question whether the war prisoner falls under the indication which require the decision about "removal" must be taken by the officer.
The document states: "Officer who has the right to impose disciplinary punishment."
Paragraph 3 of this document states:
"Political Commissars of the army are not recognized as transient prisoner of war camps.
No deportation to the rear areas."
of him. You will find it on page 37 of the document book.
"One must consider the possibility of retaliation against German airmen.
Therefore, it is better to represent all these measures as retaliation."
General Osterreich's testimony concerning the existence of the order to brand the Soviet prisoners of war is fully confirmed.
I submit it to the Tribunal in evidence under number USSR 14,802/42, was made public.
In the first paragraph of this order we read-
the quoted paragraph is on page 38:
"The Soviet prisoners are to be branded with a special "2. The brand is to take the shape of an acute angle of about 45 degrees, with the long side to be 1 cm.
in length, pointing the hand from the rectum.
This brand is made with the aid of a lancet, available in any military unit.
The coloring used is The third paragraph underlines that:
"Branding is not a sanitary precaution."