Reichs Plenipotentiaries for Labor. The order is dated July 10, 1942.
fields and carry on work which endangered their lives. Order explanation of the inhuman treatment meted out to the Soviet warriors:
"The Russian soldiers and the junior commanders are very brave in battle.
Even small individual units are always ready to resist attack."
This quotation is on page 44 in the book of documents.
THE PRESIDENT: We have had that already, haven't we, or almost an identical one?
COLONEL POKROVSKY: You are right. We quoted this part as a now I quoted it as a part of an order.
For that reason it is far read in the court.
Document 3257-PS is a secret report of the addressed to the Section Chief of OKW.
It is in your document book on page 45 and the beginning of 46.
It states:
"Living conditions, the food and clothing situation, and the Mortality is very high.
It can be expected that by the tens and by the thousands people will perish."
"The prisoners of war camp in Negerat Street is in a terrible condition.
The men live in kennels, in old stoves and self-made huts.
There is hardly any food. Krupp is responsible for the food supply.
Medicine and bandages were so scarce that in many cases medical treatment was impossible.
No medical services were possible.
These deficiencies are to be imputed to the permanet camp."
of war. A copy found in Rosenberg's files is unsigned, but there fifth paragraph of the Russian text.
You will find it on page 48 "Out of 3,600,000-
THE PRESIDENT: I think the United States read, this letter, did they not?
COLONEL POKROVSKY: It is a document partly read, but I ask permission to read it again, because it is of importance to my presentation.
THE PRESIDENT: Colonel Pokrovsky, we have been preventing other Prosecuting Counsel from reading documents which have already been read, and we are directed by the Charter to conduct an expeditious trial, and I don't really see her it can be expeditious if documents are read more than once.
COLONEL POKROVSKY: In this document, which is already known to the Court, is presented a very clear picture as to what happened in a concentration camp. The author of this letter states:
"In most cases the camp commanders prohibited the citizens to give food to the prisoners of war, who were doomed to starvation. More than that, in many cases those prisoners who were not strong enough to march as a result were shot and their corpses were not taken care of." deliberate exaggeration, or of having any sympathies for the Soviet people. On the contrary, there is every reason to state that the matters have not been fully thrown light on. This document, addressed by one of the Defendants to another, enables us to imagine the facts that took place in the camps assigned for the Soviet prisoners of war. a definite aim before me. After you were informed of the attitude of the Hitlerites toward the Soviet prisoners, and as soon as you, however, briefly, learned of the way the camps for the Soviet prisoners were kept, as is told by the Hitlerites themselves, it is easier for you to evaluate the probative value of the documents which will be presented in evidence of non-German origin.
THE PRESIDENT: Perhaps that would be a convenient time to adjourn.
(A recess was taken until 14.00 hours.)
THE PRESIDENT: Colonel, the Tribunal proposes to adjourn at half-past four this afternoon, as they have some administrative work to do.
COLONEL POKROVSKY: I refer to the report of the Extraordinary State Commission for the Investigation of Atrocities Committed by the German-Fascist Invaders in Smolensk and in the Smolensk Region." A great part of this report is dedicated to the mass execution of the prisoners of war by the Germans. I would like to quote excerpts of this document, presented to you as Exhibit USSR-56, page 6, paragraph fourth from the top. You will find it in your document book on page 58. It says:
"The German-Fascist invaders systematically exterminated the wounded and imprisoned Soviet citizens. Physicians A.N. Smyrnov, A.N. Glasunov, A.M. Demidov, A.S. Pogrebnov and others, who were prisoners in a camp, stated that on the way from Vasma to Smolensk the Hitlerites shot several thousand people.
"In the autumn of 1941 the Germans drove a party of prisoners of war from Vasma to Smolensk. A great number of the men were not able to walk as a result of continuous beating and exhaustion. When the citizens attempted to give a piece of bread to some of the prisoners, the German soldiers pushed them off, beat the Soviet people with canes and butts and shot them on the Bolshaya Sovetskaya street, on the roads Roslavskoye and Kievskoye the Fascist scoundrels opened a disorderly fire at a column of prisoners of war. The prisoners attempted to escape, but the soldiers overtook them and shot at them. In that way nearly 5,000 Soviet people were executed. The corpses were left in the streets for several days." Document No. 081-PS, which has been just presented, and the contents which I in my own words have related once again to the Tribunal.
On the same page, six, two lines lower, it says:
"The German military authorities exterminated the prisoners of war. On the way to Smolensk and especially at the camp the prisoners perished by tens and hundreds. In Camp No. 128 for prisoners of war the Soviet people were subjected to torture, sick people ordered to do hard work, no medical help rendered. The prisoners in the camp were tortured, made to do work beyond their strength, shot. From starvation, torture, typhus and dysentery epidemics, freezing cold, excessive work and bloody terror, about 150 to 200 men died daily. Over 60,000 citizens and prisoners of war were exterminated here by the German-Fascist invaders. The facts of the extermination of the imprisoned officers and men of the Red Army and of the citizen population were confirmed by the testimony of physicians who had been imprisoned in the camp: A.N. Smyrnov, V.A. Hmyrov, A.S. Pogrebnov, P.N. Erpylov, A.M. Demidov, nurses T.S. Shubina, A.G. Lenkovskaya and several Red Army soldiers and Smolensk citizens. Sonderfuehrer Eduard Gyss. Corporal Gatlyn brutally avenged himself on prisoners. Being aware of it, they tried not to come before his eyes. So Gatlyn put on a Red Army soldier's clothes, mixed with the crowd, and, having chosen himself a victim, beat him nearly to death. Private Rudolf Radtke, former wrestler in a circus in Germany, prepared himself a lash made out of aluminum wire -- for the purpose of exterminating the prisoners. On Sundays he would come to the camp, drunk, throw himself at the first prisoner, torture him and kill him. exhausted and worn-out Soviet people work. Very often, prisoners worn out by starvation and work beyond their strength, would break down and fall. Then they were immediately shot by Sonderfuehrer Szepalsky, Sonderfuehrer Bram, Hofman Mauser, Sonderfuehrer Wagner.
There was a hospital forprisoners of war in Smolensk. Soviet physicians who worked at that hospital stated:
"Up to July, 1942, the patients had to lie on the floor without having their wounds dressed. Their clothes and bedding were covered not only with dirt but also pus.
The rooms where they were kept were not heated and the floors of the halls were covered with an icy crust." ment of the Extraordinary State Commission. Academician Burdeno, chief medico-judicial expert of the People's Commissariat in Charge of Public Health, Doctor Prosorovsky, professor of forensic medicine of the Second Moscow Medical Institute, Doctor of Medical Sciences Smolaninow and other specialists from the 1st until the 16th of October, 1943, conducted numerous exhumations and medico-judicial explorations of the corpses in the town of Smolensk and its suburbs. Numerous pit-graves were opened, which contained the corpses of those killed during the German-Fascist invasion. The number of corpses found in those pit-graves varied from 500 to 4,500 in every place where mass executions took place. direct bearing on my general subject. On page 9 of your document book you have this paragraph, which I now quote -- page 9 of our Exhibit USSR-56, it says:
"The corpses found in the pits were for the most part naked, some were clothed in worn-out underwear, only a few bodies had clothes or military uniforms." that is page 62 in the document file -- second paragraph, it says:
"Documents certifying identity have been found in sixteen cases only (three passports, one Red Army book and twelve military identification tags)" -- what I mean by that, that is the identification which is worn by every soldier; it was really a medallion, the compartment within which there is placed a document identifying the man's name and rank, and also his home address -- "in several cases only parts of preserved clothing and tattoo could be used to prove the identity of the deceased." identification of their victims impossible as it was demanded in certain directives. The first paragraph on page 11 of Exhibit 56, corresponding to your page 63 in the document book says:
"The dissection of corpses taken out of graves situated within the confines of the large and small concentration camps, Plant No. 35, the former German hospital for prisoners of war, a saw-mill works, concentration camp near village Pecherskaya and village Rakytna show that in the overwhelming majority of cases, taking into consideration the results of the inquiry, death was caused by starvation and acute infectious illnesses. That death was caused by starvation can be objectively proved -- apart from the complete lack of hypodermic fatty cellular tissue disclosed upon dissection -- by the discovery in a number of cases of grassy masses, pieces of rough leaves and stems of plants in the stomach cavity."
On the same page, but below, in the fourth paragraph, we read:
"A significant number of opened pitgraves, totalling eighty-seven, filled with masses of corpses -- taking into consideration the differences in the time of burial, covering the second half of 1941, the years 1942 and 1943 -- give testimony of a systematic destruction of the Soviet people. In most cases, the men thus exterminated ranged between the ages of twenty and forty years."
Somewhat lower, on the same page:
"Special attention should be given to the fact that the dissected corpses regularly lacked footwear, accept in extremely rare cases. Clothing, too, was absent as a rule, or consisted of worn-out underwear or pieces of old coats. A conclusion can naturally be drawn from these facts, that the removal of clothes and footwear having some value had become a constant legalized process and that it preceded the execution of the Soviet citizens." exterminating people, including shooting, asphyxiation and so on. All this is not new to us and I see no necessity for reading at this time that part of the report. the records of the medico-judicial committees and the conclusion of the Medical Expert Committee. We find them on pages 9, 10, 11 and 12 of the document. I shall briefly report on the contents of the protocols and quote a few words of the conclusion.
In the reports it is said that in the town of Ravva-Russkaya, 52 kilometers northeast of Lvov, Hitlerites set up a big camp for prisoners of war. In this concentration camp there were imprisoned and exterminated a great number of Soviet and French prisoners of war. They were shot, they died of infectious diseases, and of starvation. The committee of the medico-judicial experts exhumed a number of bodies from the large graves. Some of the graves were disguised by means of green shrubbery and grass. In the graves there was discovered a substantial number of corpses clothed in military and semi-military uniforms. Some of the corpses had in their clothing identification medallions of members of the Red Army. The age of the prisoners whose bodies were exhumed ranged from twenty to forty years.
I am now quoting from the conclusions of the committee. This portion is found in page 70 of your document book.
"The investigation data bearing on the bodies exhumed from the graves give us a right to conclude that in the aforementioned graves there were buried corpses of the Soviet prisoners of war. The burial was of a mass character. The bodies were placed -- in graves 4 by 7 meters in size -in layers, one layer upon another, from 350 to 400 bodies to a grave. They were buried in the same clothing which they had on at the time of death. The absence of footwear would indicate that either it was taken off at the time of death or else that the prisoners were kept in confinement bootless. The conditions of imprisonment must have been extremely unsanitary, as signs of vermin were found in all clothing. To judge by the state of the clothes, death must have taken place during the cold season. However, practically no warm clothing is found on any of the bodies. Instead, evidently to escape the cold, the corpses were found clothed in two or three sets of their summer uniforms, towels, bits of sackcloth, etc." conclusions which deals with the number of discovered corpses. That is page 70, the same page, in your document book.
"The number of graves, thirty-six, and their size, as well as the number of bodies exhumed, give basis for a conclusion that from ten to twelve thousand corpses of the Soviet prisoners-of-war were buried in this territory. The degree of decomposition points to the fact that the corpses have been underground about three years; in other words, the time of burial must be placed around late autumn or winter of 1941-1942." for the Determination and Investigation of the Crimes Committed by the German Fascist Invaders in the City and the Region of Orel -- which I submit to the Tribunal as USSR Exhibit No. 46 -- describes the mass extermination of the prisoners of war conducted over a long period of time.
The prisoner-of-war camp was set up in the city jail of Orel. After the Hitlerite aggressors had been driven away from the city of Orel, the Extraordinary Commission had an opportunity of procuring the testimony of doctors who had been in this camp and who by chance survived. There are included in this report personal observations of the member of the Extraordinary State Committee, Academician Burdenko, who personally examined persons liberated by the Red Army from this camp and from the so-called prison "hospital". The general conclusion which can be reached is that in the city camp of Orel, as well as in the other camps, Hitlerites carried out physical extermination of the Soviet people with the methodical routine so characteristic of the Germans. rotten soya beans and stale flour. Bread was baked with an admixture of sawdust. The camp administration, including the doctors, treated prisoners in the most atrocious manner. I shall begin with the fifth paragraph on page 2:
"The camp commander, Major Hoffmann, beat prisoners and forced the hunger-exhausted persons to unload shells and do hard manual labor in the stone quarries. The boots and leather shoes were taken away from the prisoners and wooden shoes given then instead.
In the winter, the wooden shoes became slippery and the prisoners of war often slipped and crippled themselves in walking, especially when going up or down the stairs.
Dr. H.I. Tsvetkov, who had been an inmate of the prisoner-of-war camp, testified as follows, and you will find it quoted on page 72. It is the second half of the page and the beginning of page 73.
"I can describe the attitude of the German Command toward the prisoners of war during my stay in the Orel Camp as one of deliberate extermination of manpower. The food ration which at the most equalled 700 calories, was all they had under conditions of hard work, usually beyond the prisoner's strength, and led to complete exhaustion of the organism (cachexia) and to death.
"In spite of our protests and struggle against this mass murder of Soviet people, the German camp doctors -- Kuper and Beckel -- asserted that the food was completely satisfactory. Moreover, they denied that the edemata or the hunger edema shown by many of the prisoners was caused by starvation, and ascribed the condition entirely to heart or kidney trouble. The mortality in camp assumed mass proportions. Of the total number of murdered men, three thousand died of starvation and of complications produced by malnutrition.
"The prisoners lived under conditions so horrible that they almost defy description. Fuel and water were completely lacking. Everything was vermin-infested. The prison wards were unbelievably overcrowded, firty to eighty people being crammed into a ward 15 to 20 square meters in size. Prisoners would die five or six in each ward and the living would sleep on the dead." these who were placed in the category of the "recalcitrants". They were put into a special building, called the "death block." The inmates of this block were shot on schedule, five to six persons being taken every Tuesday and Friday. During the shootings, among others, the German physician Kuper was also present.
Academician Burdenko ascertained that in the so-called "hospital", people were exterminated in the same manner as in the rest of the camp.
In the next-to-the-last paragraph, on the third page, we read:
"The scenes which I had to witness defy imagination. My joy at the sight of the liberated people was marred by the fact that their faces bore expressions of stupor. This made me think, 'What is the matter here?' Evidently the sufferings they had undergone erased the distinction between life and death from their minds.
"I observed these people for three days, bandaged their wounds while evacuating them, but the psychological stupor remained. Something similar could also be seen on the faces of the doctors during the first days.
"People perished in the camp from disease, starvation, beatings; in the so-called 'hospital' they died of wound infections, of sepsis and of hunger." the SS, Paul-Ludwig Gottlieb Waldmann. He was born on the 17th of October, 1914, in Berlin in a shopkeeper's family, the son of Ludwig Waldmann. As far as he knew, up to the time of his capture, his mother was living in the city of Braunschweig, Donnerburweg 60. of the Soviet prisoners of war which were known to him. He witnesses these exterminations, working as a driver in different camps and he himself participated in them. His testimony is on page 9 of USSR Exhibit No. 52, entitled, "Camp Auschwitz." It provides particularly detailed information on the executions in Camp Sachsenhausen. Police located in this camp for a month daily exterminated Russian prisoners of war. He testifies that:
"The Russian prisoners of war had to walk about one kilometer from the station to the camp. In the camp they stayed one night without food. The next night they were led to be executed. The prisoners were constantly driven from the inner camp on three trucks, one of which was driven by me.
The inner camp was approximately one and three-quarters kilometers from the execution grounds. The execution itself took place in the barracks which had recently been constructed for the purpose.
"One chamber was intended for undressing, another for waiting. In the chamber there was a radio which played quite loud. It was done purposely so that the prisoners should not guess that death awaited them. From the second chamber they went one by one through a passage into a small fenced-in building where on the floor there was an iron grill. Under the latter there was a drain. As soon as the prisoner-of-war was killed, the corpse was carried out by two German prisoners virile the grill was cleaned of blood.
"In this small room there was a slot in the wall, approximately 50 centimeters in length. The prisoner of war stood with the back of his head against the slot and a sniper who was behind the slot, shot at him. This arrangement did not prove to be satisfactory as the sniper often missed his shot. After eight days a new arrangement was made. As before, the prisoner was placed against the wall; then on his head there was slowly lowered an iron bar. The prisoner was under the impression that his height was being measured. In the iron bar there was a spring driver pin which suddenly came out and hit the prisoner on the head. He fell dead. The iron bar was controlled by means of an iron foot lever which was in the corner of the room. The personnel who worked in the room belonged to the above-mentioned Sonderkommando.
"At the request of the officials of the execution squad, I was also obliged to work this apparatus. I shall speak about this later. The bodies of prisoners of war killed in this manner were burnt in four travelling crematoriums which were moved about on trailers. I had to ride constantly from the inner camp to the execution court. I usually had to make ten trips a night with ten minutes' interval between them. It was during these intervals that I witnessed the executions." of Tremblinck, Dachau, and Oswienzim, but it leads in the same direction and to the same results.
The methods and the scale of killings varied. Hitlerites endeavored to find new methods of rapid extermination of great masses of human beings. Much time was spent in solving this problem. They began to carry it out even before their attack on the Soviet Union, by the invention of different devices and instruments for murder. The victims of Hitlerite executions were peaceful citizens, as well as prisoners-of-war. on the German Atrocities in the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic. This bears No. USSR-7. Here, as well as in other places, massextermination of Soviet prisoners of war was a part of the monstrous plan of the Fascist aggressors. I shall quote a few sentences from page 6 of this document. In your copy it is marked in red pencil -- on page 86.
"In Kaunas, in Fort No. 6, there was a camp, No. 336, for the Soviet war prisoners. The prisoners in the camp were subjected to insults and torture, in accordance with the inhuman 'directions to the guards and soldiers conveying labor units.' The war prisoners of Fort No. 6 were doomed to malnutrition and starvation.
"The witness Medishevskaja made the following deposition to the commission: 'The war prisoners were terribly starved; I saw them pick up grass and eat it.'" I omit a few sentences and read on:
"At the entrance of Camp No. 336, there still exists a board with the following inscription in German, Lithuanian and Russian: 'All those who come in contact with war prisoners, especially those who give them food, cigarettes or civilian clothes, will be shot!'
"In the camp at Fort No. 6 there was a 'hospital' for war prisoners, which practically served as a transfer point from the camp to the grave. The war prisoners thrown into this 'hospital' were doomed to die.
"According to the German statistics of sickness among the prisoners of war in Fort #6, the number of the deceased Soviet prisoners reached 13,936 for a period of eleven months only, from September 1941 to July 1942". the line which gives the general summary:
"Altogether, 35,000 prisoners of war were, according to the camp documents, buried here".Besides the camp #336, in the same town of Kaunas, there existed another camp, which had no number, on the south-western border of the airfield.
The report concerning this camp states:
"The same methods, as in Fort #6, that is starvation, whip and clubs, ruled in this camp. The exhausted war prisoners who were unable to walk or move were daily carried outside the camp, placed alive in the pits prepared beforehand and covered with earth."
The last three lines of the left column on page 6 state as follows: USSR document Number 7, on your page 86;
"On the basis of the receipts, documents and testimonials of the were buried". several other camps, which were established in July 1941 and existed up to April 1943.
The prisoners in these camps froze to death. When the prisoners were unloaded from the railway cars, those of them who were unable to walk were shot. The prisoners were tortured until they lost consciousness; they were hanged on chains by their feet, then taken down, brought back to life by means of cold water, and then hanged again. Givingthe total of all the exterminated, the Commission reports: (Several of the lines I am going to quote now are still on Page 86 in your document book, end of the page):
"It has been established that no less than 165,000 Soviet war of the Lithuanian SSR."
The extermination of Soviet prisoners-of-war was carried out literally in all the camps. Thousands of Soviet soldiers perished in the extermination camp of Majdanek. The second paragraph of page 5 of the joint Polish & Soviet communique of the Extraordinary Commission, which is presented to you as document # USSR-29, -- that corresponds to your page 92 of the document book "the sanguinary history of this camp begins with the mass shooting and December 1941.
Out of a group of 2,000 Soviet war prisoners 80 men only remained alive; all the rest were shot and a few were tortured to death."
Soviet war prisoners were brought into the camp and shot. Nedzeliak Jan, who worked in the camp as a truck driver, testified:
"About 5,000 Russian war prisoners were exterminated by the Germans during the winter of 1942; they were taken from their barracks in were shot."
as 1939, and imprisoned in different German camps, and later in 1940 they were concentrated in the Lublin camp on the Lipovaya street, and soon after were transferred in parties to the extermination camp of Majdanek, where they suffered the same fate: systematic torture, murder, mass shooting, hanging, etc.....
The witness Reznik testified as follows:
"In January 1941, I was with a part of ever 4,000 Jew war prisoners who were put into railway cars and sent to the East.
.... We were brought to Lublin, where we were unloaded and given over to the SS. Towards September or October 1942, it was decided that only these people who were skilled workers and were thus needed in town, were to be left in the camp on Lipovaya street #7, while all the rest, and I among them, were transferred to the camp of Majdanek. All of us already knew, far too well, that to be sent to Majdanek meant death. Out of the party of more than 4,000 war prisoners, only a few individuals, who managed to escape whilst engaged in the work outside the camp, remained alive.
"In the summer of 1943, 300 Soviet officers, including 2 colonels, ants, were brought to the camp of Majdanek.
All of them were shot there."
organized by German fascists on the territory of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic. The report of the Extraordinary State Commission for the investigation of the crimes committed by the German invaders on the territory of this republic (we present to the Tribunal this report as document # USSR-41)contains the following information on the extermination of 327,000 Soviet prisoners-of-war. report. You will find this in page 97 in the book of documents:
"The German organized a camp in Riga for Soviet war prisoners in the former barracks on the Pernovski and Rudolf Streets, calling it 'Stalag 350', which existed from July 1941 to October 1944. The Soviet war prisoners lived there under inhuman conditions. The building, where they were lodged, had no windows and no heating. In spite of hard labor from 12 to 14 hours daily, their rations consisted only of 150-200 grams of bread and the so-called "gross" soap, made with rotten potatoes, leaves of trees and other garbage." given the prisoners-of-war. Testimony given by the witnesses coincides fully with the "official directive" on the quantities of food allotted to the prisoners-of-war, which I have already submitted to the Tribunal.
A former prisoner of war, P. F. Yakovanko, who was imprisoned in "Stalag 350", testified. This is page 97 in your document book.
"We were given 180 gramms of bread, half of it sawdust and straw, one litre of saltless soup made of rotten, unpeeled potatoes. We slept on the bare ground and were' eaten by lice. As a result of starvation, cold, whippings, typhus and shootings, between December 1941 to May 1942, 30,000 prisoners of war perished in the camp. The Germans daily shot prisoners of war who, owing to weakness or illness, were unable to go to work; they mocked them and beat them without any reason at all."
G. B. Novitzkiss who had worked as a senior nurse in the Hospital for Soviet Prisoners of war in #1 Gymnastitcheskays street, testified that she had repeatedly seen patients eat grass and tree-leaves in order to quell the pangs of hunger.
"In branches of Stalag 350, on the territory of former brewery and in the Panzer barracks more than 19,000 persons perished, between September 1941 and April 1942 alone of starvation, tortures and epidemics. The Germans also shot wounded prisoners of war. Soviet prisoners of war perished also on route to the came, because the Germans left them without food or water."
A female witness, A.V. Taukuliss testified:
"In the autumn of 1941 there arrived at the station of Salaspils a convoy of Soviet prisoners of war consisting of 50-60 cars.
When the cars Half of the men were dead; many were dying.
Men who could climb out shot several dozen of them."
I shall not enumerate other facts which took place in "Stalag 350", but will only make public the concluding sentence, which refers to this camp. I am afraid that in this sentence there is a misprint in your document book. If I am not mistaken, in your document book it says 120,000 Soviet prisoners. That is not a correct figure. In the original document another figure is mentioned.
"In Stalag 350 and in its branches the Germans tortured to death and shot over 130,000 Soviet prisoners of war."
this report:
"In Daugavpilis (Dvisnk) there was a camp for Soviet Prisoners of War 'Stalag 340', known amongst the camp inmate's and the town's inhabitants as a 'death-camp', where, in three years, more than 124 thousand "The vengeance wreaked on the prisoners of war by the German execution ers usually began on the way to the camp.
In the summer, prisoners of open wagons and on platform trucks.
Men perished in masses from thirst and hunger.
In the summer they were suffocated in the heat, in the winter - they froze."
Witness T. K. Ussenko stated:
"In November 1941, I was on duty at the station of Most as a signalman sisting of more than 30 cars.
In the cars not a single living person was discovered.
No fewer than 1,500 were dead were unloaded from this transport.
They all were nothing but underclothes. The corpses re mained lying near the railway track for about a week."
ting of prisoners of war. A worker at the hospital, Witness V.A.
Efimova, testified before the Commission:
"It seldom happened that any one left the hospital alive. Attached diggers who carried the dead in a handcart to a cemetery.
It happened top another 6-7 bodies of dead or shot people were leaded.
The living were buried together with the dead; the sick, tossing in delirium, were killed at the hospital with sticks."
airfield everybody from the barracks where typhus-stricken men were discovered, and shot them. In this manner, about 45,000 Soviet prisoners of war were exterminated. State Commission, which investigated the crimes of the German-fascists usurpers in the vicinity of the cities of Sevastopol, Kerch at the healthresort of Teberda. I shall quote from our Exhibit No. 63/5/. Attached to Sevastopol prison, the German Fascist Command had organized a hospital for the sick and wounded prisoners of war. The extermination there was on masse. I shall quote a few sentences, which you will find in your document book on Page 99:
"At the time the hospital was organized, the sick and wounded were, cynically:
'This is the punishment for the particularly obstinate defense of Sevastopol by the Russians'." Officers and men alike were thrown on the concrete floors, whore they lay bleeding for 7 or 8 days.
cellars of the champagne factory a military hospital and a medico-sanitary unit No. 47. After the retreat of the Red Army, in cellars Nos. 10, 11, 12, and 13 there remained a large number of wounded soldiers and officers who had not had time to evacuate..... The German beasts, having captured the factory, became drunk and then fired the cellars. should, have been specially reported to the Tribunal. I pass on to the description of the last crime which was mentioned, in the statement of the Commission. I pay special attention to it because it describes the fact of a bestial extermination of a very large number of wounded Red Army soldiers.
You will find this quotation also on Page 99 in your Document Book:
"On the 4th December 1943 there arrived at the station of Sevastopol from belonging to the Kertch landing forces.
Having loaded them on a barge of 2, 300 tons' displacement, which was moored in the Southern bay near the landing-stage, the Germans set fire to it.
The heartrending screams of the prisoners of war filled the air.
Women who were not far from the the place of the fire by gendarmes.
Not more than 15 men were saved.
"On the following day, the same barge was loaded with 2,000 men from amongst the wounded brought from Kertch.
The barge sailed from drowned in the sea". by the Commission.
in respect of Soviet prisoners of war in the Stalin region differs little in character from the material already published. In our number USSR-2a, among a series of reports, we find two referring to the extermination of Soviet prisoners of war. The first one was drawn up in the town of Stalino by a special commission, headed by the chairman of the Stalino works district Council of workers' deputies. I will read that part of the protocol which contains information of interest to us. extracts which I am reading are printed on page 105 of your Document Book.
"The circumstances of the case: In the district of the Stalino-works of the town of Stalino, in the "Lenin Club" the German-Fascist aggressors organized a camp for Soviet prisoners of war; at times there were in this camp up to 20,000 men; the camp's Commandant, a German officer named testified that prisoners of war were starved; a loaf of bread weighing quantity of burnt bran, sometimes mixed with wood sawdust.