An obvious reason why the D.N.B. was excepted from Fritzsche's field at this time is that the D.N.B. did not come into existence until the year 1934.
Later on, in paragraph 17 of the Fritzsche affidavit, the Tribunal will note the tremendous funds put at the disposal of Fritzsche in building up the Nazi news services. Altogether the German news agencies received a ten-fold increase in their budget from the Reich, an increase from 400,000 to 4,000,000 marks. Fritzshe himself selected and employed the Chief Editor for the Transocean News Agency and also for the Europa press. Fritzsche states that some of the "directions of the Propaganda Ministry which I had to follow were" -- and then skipping -- "increase of German news copy abroad at any cost" -- and then skipping again -"spreading of favorable news on the internal construction and peaceful intentions of the National Socialist System." achieved the fusion of the two most important domestic news agencies, the Wolff Telegraph Agency and the Telegraph Union, and thus formed the official German news agency, ordinarily known as D.N.B. It has already been pointed out to the Tribunal that the indictment is in error in alleging that Fritzshe himself was Editor-in-Chief of the D.N.B. Fritzsche held no position whatsoever with the D.N.B. at any time. However, as head of the news section of the German Press Division, Fritzsche's duties gave him official jurisdiction over the D.N.B., which was the official domestic news agency of the Reich after 1934. In the last part of paragraph 17 of this affidavit, Fritzsche states that he coordinated the work of the various foreign news agencies "within the inland Europe and overseas foreign countries with each other and in relationship to D.N.B." After January, 1933, the Wireless News Service was the official instrument of the Nazi government in spreading news over the radio. During the same time that Fritzsche headed the Wireless News Service, he personally made radio broadcasts to the German people. These broadcasts were naturally subject to the controls of thePropaganda Ministry and reflected its purposes. The influences of Fritzsche's broadcasts to the German people, during this period of consolidation of control by the Nazi conspirators, is all the more important since Fritzsche was concurrently head of the Wireless News Service, which controlled the spreading of all news by radio.
to be -- and often were -- very adept in psychological warfare. Before each major aggression, with some few exceptions based on the strategy of expediency, they initiated a press campaign calculated to weaken their victims and to prepare the German people psychologically for this Nazi madness. They used the press after their earlier conquests as a means for further influencing foreign politics and in maneuvering for the next following aggression. 1938, Fritzsche had become deputy head of the entire German Press Division. Fritzsche states that the role of German propaganda before the Munich Agreement on the Sudetenland was directed by his immediate chief, Berndt, head of the German Press Division, In paragraph 27 of the Fritzsche affidavit, page 26 of your document book, Fritzsche describes this propaganda.
Speaking of Berndt, Fritzsche states:
"He exaggerated minor events very strong ly, used sometimes old episodes as new -- and there even came complaints from the Sudetenland itself that much of the news reported by the German press was untrustworthy. As a matter of fact, after the great foreign political success at Munich in September, 1938, there came a noticeable crisis in confidence of the German people in the trustworthiness of its press. This was one reason for the recalling of Berndt, in December 1938 after the conclusion of the Sudeten action and for my appointment as head of the German Press Division. Beyond this, Berndt, by his admittedly successful but still primitive military-like orders to the German Press, had lost the confidence of the German editors."
Now, what happened at this time? Fritzsche was made head of the German Press Division in place of Berndt. Between December, 1938 and 1942, Fritzsche, as head of the German Press Division, personally gave to the representatives of the principal German newspapers the "daily parole of the Reich Press Chief." During this history-making period he was the principal conspirator directly concerned with the manipulations of the press. The first important foreign aggression after Fritzsche became head of the German Press Division was the incorporation of Bohemia and Moravia. In paragraph 28, your document book page 26, Fritzsche gives his account of the propaganda action surrounding the incorporation of Bohemia and Moravia as follows:
"The action for the incorporation of Bohemia and Moravia, which took place on 15 March 1939, wh ile I was head of the German Press Division, was not prepared for such a long period as the Sedeten action. According to my memory it was in February that I received the order from the Reich Press Chief, Dr. Dietrich, which was repeated as a request by the envoy Paul Schmidt of the Foreign Office, to bring the attention of the press to the efforts for independence of Slovakia and to the continued anti-German coalition politics of the Prague government. I did this. The daily paroles of the Reich Press Chief and the press conference minutes at that time show the wording of the corresponding instructions. These were the typical headlines of leading newspapers and the emphatic leading articles of the German daily press at that time: (1) the terrorizing of Germans within the Czech territory by arrest, shooting of Germans by the state police, destruction and damaging of German homes by Czech gangsters; (2) the concentration of Czech forces on the Sudeten frontier; (3) the kidnapping, deporting and persecuting of Slovakian minorities by the Czechs; that the Czechs must get out of Slovakia; (4) secret meetings of Red functionaries in Prague.
Some few days before the visit of Hacha, I received the instruction to publish in the press very emphatically the incoming news on the unrest in Czechoslovakia. Such information I received only partly from the German News Agency, D.N.B. Mostly it came from the Press Division of the Foreign Office and some of it came from big newspapers with their own news services. Among the newspapers offering information was above all the Voelkischer Beobachter which, as I learned later on, received its information from the SS Standartenfuehrer Gunter D'Alquen. He was at this time in Pressburg. I had forbidden all news agencies and newspapers to issue news on unrest in Czechoslovakia before I had seen it. I wanted to avoid a repetition of the very annoying results of the Sudeten action propaganda, and I did not want to suffer a loss of prestige caused by untrue news. Thus, all news checked by me was admittedly full of tendency -- voller tendenz -- however, not invented. After the visit of Hacha in Berlin and after the beginning of the invasion of the German Army, which took place on 15 March 1939, the German press had enough material for describing those events. Historically and politically the event was justified with the indication that the declaration of independence of Slovakia had required an interference and that Hacha with his signature had avoided a war and had reinstated a thousand-year union between Bohemia and the Reich." the 1st of September, 1939, and thus the propaganda action just preceding the precipitation of World War II, bears again the handiwork of Fritzsche and his German Press Division, In paragraph 30 of Fritzsche's affidavit, document book page 27, Fritzsche speaks of the conspirators' treatment of this episode as follows: in the case of Poland. Under the influence of the German-Polish agreement, it was generally forbidden in the German press for many years to publish anything on the situation of the German minority in Poland. This remained also the case when in the Spring of 1939 the German press was asked to become somewhat more active as to the problem of Danzig.
Also, when the first PolishEnglish conversations took place and when, the German press was instructed to use a sharper tone against Poland, the question of the German minority still remained in the background. But during the summer this problem was picked up again and created immediately a noticeable sharpening of the situation, namely, each larger German newspaper had for quite some time an abundance of material on complaints of the Germans in Poland without the editors having had a chance to use this material. The German papers from the time of the minority discussion at Geneva, still had correspondents or free collaborators in Kattewitz, Bromberg, Posen, Thorn, etc. Their material now came forth with a bound. Concerning this the leading German newspapers, upon the basis of directions given out in the so-called "daily parole" brought out the following publicity with great emphasis: (1) cruelty and terror against Germans and the extermination of Germans in Poland; (2) forced labor of thousands of German men and women in Poland; (3) Poland, land of servitude and disorder; the desertion of Polish soldiers; the increased inflation in Poland; (4) provocation of frontier clashes upon direction of the Polish Government; the Polish lust to conquer; (5) persecution of Czechs and Ukranians by Poland. The Polish Press replied particularly sharply." conventional pattern. You will find the customary definitions, the lies, the incitement and the threats and the usual attempt to divide and to weaken the victim. Paragraph 32 of the Fritzsche affidavit, your document book page 28, outlines this propaganda action as follows:
"During the period immediately preceding the invasion of Yugoslavia, on the 16th of April the German press emphasized by headlines and leading articles the following topics: (1) the planned persecution of Germans in Yugoslavia including the burning down of German villages by Serbian soldiers; also the confining of Germans in concentration camps and also the physical mishandling of German-speaking persons; (2) the arming of Serbian bandits by the Serbian Government; (3) the incitement of Yugoslavia by the plutocrats against Germany; (4) the increasing anti-Serbian feeling in Croatia; (5) the chaotic economic and social conditions in Yugoslavia." because these conspirators wanted the advantage of surprise, there was no special propaganda campaign immediately preceding the attack on the U.S.S.R. Fritzschein paragraph 33 of his affidavit discusses the propaganda line, however, for the justification of this war -- this aggressive war -- to the German people:
"During the night from the 21st to the 22nd of June 1941, Ribbentrop called me in for a conference in the Foreign Office Building at about 5 o'clock in the morning, at which representatives ot the domestic and foreign press were present. Ribbentrop informed us that the war against the Soviet Union would start that same day and asked the German press to present the war against the Soviet Union as a preventative war for the defense of the Fatherland, as a war which was forced upon us through the immediate danger of an attack of the Soviet Union against Germany. The claim that this was a preventative war was later repeated by the newspapers which received their instructions from me during the usual daily parole of the Reich Press Chief. I, myself, have also given this presentation of the cause of the war in my regular broadcasts." and expert assistance to the colossal apparatus of the Propaganda Ministry. In 1939 he apparently became dissatisfied with the efficiency of the existing facilities of the German Press Division in furnishing grist for the propaganda mill and its intrigues. He established a new instrument for improving the effectiveness of Nazi propaganda. In paragraph 19 of his affidavit, page 24 of cur document book, Fritzsche describes this new propaganda instrument as follows:
"About the summer of 1939 I established within the German Press Division a section called 'Speed-Service." And then skipping and quoting again "At the start it had the task of checking the correctness of news from foreign countries. Later on, about the Fall of 1939, this section also elaborated on collecting materials which were put at the disposal of the entire German press. For instance, dates from the British Colonial policy, from political statements of the British Prime Minister in former times, descriptions of social distress in hostile countries, etc. Almost all German newspapers used such material as a basis for their polemics. Hereby was achieved a great unification within the fighting front of the German press. The title "Speed Service" was chosen because materials for current comments were supplied with unusual speed".
of aggressive wars, Fritzsche made regular radio broadcasts to the German people under the program titles of "Political Newspaper Review", "Political and Radio Show", and later "Hans Fritzsche Speaks". His broadcasts naturally reflected the polemics and the controls of his Ministry and thus of the Common Plan or Conspiracy. of Goebbel's propaganda team, helped substantially to bathe the world in the blood bath of aggressive war.
With the Tribunal's consent I will now pass to proof bearing on Fritzsche's incitement of atrocities and his encouragement of a ruthless occupation policy. The results of propaganda as a weapon of the Nazi conspirators reaches into every aspect of this conspiracy, including the abnormal and inhuman conduct in the atrocities and the ruthless exploitation of occupied countries. Most of the ordinary members of the German nation would never have participated in or tolerated the atrocities committed throughout Europe if they had not been conditioned and goaded to barbarous convictions and misconceptions by the constant grinding of the Nazi propaganda machine. Indeed, the propagandists who lent themselves to this evil mission of instigation and incitements are more guilty than the credulous and callous minions who headed the firing squads or operated the gas chambers, of which we have heard so much in this proceeding. For the very credulity and callousness of these minions was in large part due to the constant and evil propaganda of Fritzsche and his official associates. Propaganda Ministry had a special branch for the "Enlightenment of the German people and of the world as to the Jewish question, fighting with propagandistic weapons against enemies of the State and hostile ideologies." This quotation is taken from a book written in 1940 by Ministerial Director Mueller, entitled "The Propaganda Ministry." It is found in Doc. No. 2434PS, our Doc. Book, p. 10, offered as U.S. Exhibit 722. In mentioning that document, your Honors, I should have said Document No. 2434 (A) PS. It is another excerpt from Ministerial Director Mueller's book and I merely ask that you take judicial notice of it for that one sentence that I have read.
Fritzsche took a particularly active part in this "enlightenment" concerning the Jewish question in his radio broadcasts. These broadcasts literally teemed with provocative libels against Jews, the only legal result of which was to inflame Germany to further atrocities against the helpless Jews who came within its physical power. Doc. No. 3064-PS contains a number of complete broadcasts by Fritzsche which were monitored by the British Broadcasting Corporation and translated by BBC officials. For the convenience of the Tribunal I have had those excerpts upon which the prosecution relies to show illustrative types of Fritsche's broadcasts, mimeographed and made into one document, which I offer into evidence as US Exhibit 723. Even the defendant Streicher, the master Jew-baiter of all time, could scarcely outdo Fritzsche in some of his slanders against the Jews. All the excerpts in Doc. No. 3064-PS are from speeches of Fritzsche given on the radio between 1941 and 1945, which we have proven was a period of intensified anti-Jewish measures. With the permission of the Tribunal, I would like to read some of these excerpts:
Page 14 of our document book, Item 1. Fraom a broadcast of 18 December 1941: It is found on page 2122 of the translations from BBC:
"The fate of Jewry in Europe has turned out as unpleasant as the Fuehrer predicted in the case of a European war. After the extension of the war instigated by Jews, this unpleasant fate may also spread to the New World, for you can hardly assume that the nations of this New World will pardon the Jews for the misery of which the nations of the Old World did not absolve them. translations:
"But the crown of all wrongly-applied Rooseveltian logics is the sentence 'There never was a race and there never will be a race which can serve the rest of mankind as a master.' Here too we can only applaud Mr. Roosevelt. Precisely because there exists no race which can be the master of the rest of mankind, we Germans have taken the liberty to break the domination of Jewry and of its capital in Germany, of Jewry which believed to have inherited the Crown of secret world domination." not only a cause for past acts concerning persecution of Jews but an announcement that more is coming and an encouragement of what was coming. cast, translated at page 2101 of the BBC translation:
"We know very well that these German victories, unparalleled in history, have not yet stopped the source of hatred, which, for a long time, has fed the war mongers and from which this war originated. The international JewishDemocratic Bolshevistic campaign of incitement against Germany still find cover in this or that fox's lair or rat-hole. We have seen only too frequently how the defeats suffered by the war mongers only doubled their senseless and impotent fury."
Another broadcast of the 8th January 1944. Your Honors, I have tried to pick out illustrative broadcasts from different periods here.
"It is revealed clearly once more that not a system of Government, not a young nationalism, not a new and well applied Socialism brought about this war.
The guilty ones are exclusively the Jews and the Plutocrats. If discussion on the post-war problems bring this to light so clearly, we welcome it as a contribution for later discussions and also as a contribution to the fight we are waging now, for we refuse to believe that world history will confide its future developments to those powers which have brought about this war. This clique of Jews and Plutocrats have invested their money in armaments and they had to see to it that they would get their interests and sinking funds, hence they unleased this war."
Concerning Jews, I had one last quotation from the year 1945. It is from a broadcast of 13th of January, 1945, found on pages 2258 and 2259 of the BBC translations:
"If Jewry provided a link between divergent elements as Plutocracy and Bolshevism and if Jewry was first able to work successfully in the Democratic countries in proparing this war against Germany, it has by now placed itself unreservedly on the side of Bolshevism which, with its entirely mistaken slogans of racial freedom against racial hatred, has created the very conditions the Jewish race requires in its struggle for domination over other races."
And then skipping a few lines in that quotation:
"Not the last result of German resistance on the fronts, so unexpected to the enemy is the fruition of a development which began in the pre-war years, the process of subordinating British policy to far-reaching Jewish points of view. It began long before this when Jewish emigrants from Germany started their war mongering against us from British and American soil." page.
"This whole attempt aiming at the establishment of Jewish world domination, now increasingly recognisable, has come to a head at the very moment when the people's understanding of their racial origins has been far too much awakened to promise success to the undertaking." of the Jews and indeed to their elimination. Fritzsche also incited and encouraged ruthless measures against the peoples of the U.S.S.R.
In his regular broadcasts Fritzsche's incitements against the peoples of the U.S.S.R. were often linked to, and were certainly as inflammatory as, his slanders against the Jews. If these slanders were not so tragic in their relation to the murder of millions of people, they would be comical, indeed ludicrous. It is ironic, indeed, that the propaganda libels against the peoples of the U.S.S.R. concerning atrocities actively described some of the many atrocities committed by the German invaders, as we now well know. The following quotations are again taken from the BBC intercepted broadcasts and their translations, beginning shortly after the invasion of the U.S.S.R. in June 1941 The first one is taken again from page 16 of our Document Book and I will read only the last half of item 7, beginning with the 3rd paragraph:
"The evidence of letters reaching us from the front, of P.K. reporters"-and may I interrupt my quotation there to say that "P.K." stands for "Propaganda Kompanie," Propaganda Kompanies which were attached to the German Army wherever it went. -- "P.K. reporters and soldiers on leave demonstrates that, in this struggle in the East, not one political system is pitted against another, not one view of life is fighting another, but that culture, civilization, and human decency make a stand against the diabolical principle of a sub-human world."
And then another quote in the next paragraph:
"It was only the Fuehrer's decision to strike in time that saved our homeland from the fate of being overrun by those sub-human creatures, and our men, women, and children from the unspeakable horror of being their prey." first paragraph, Fritzsche speaks of the inhuman deeds committed in various controls by the Soviet Union, and he states that one upon seeing the evidence of those deeds committed comes -- and here I quote -- "***finally to make the holy resolve to give his aid in the final destruction of those who are capable of such dastardly acts."
And then quoting again, the last paragraph: "The Bolsehvist agitators make no effort to deny that in towns, thousands, in the villages, hundreds, of corpses of men, women and children have been found, who had been either killed or tortured to death.
Yet the Bolshevik agitators allege that this was not done by Soviet Commissars but by German soldiers. Now we Germans know our soldiers. No German woman, father or mother requires proof that their husband or their son cannot have committed such atrocious acts." by our Soviet colleagues will prove that representatives of these Nazi conspirators did not hesitate to exterminate Soviet soldiers and civilians by scientific mass methods. These inciting remarks by Fritzsche make him an accomplice in these crimes because his labeling of the Soviet peoples as members of a "sub-human world" seeking to "exterminate" the German people, and similar desperate talk, helped these propaganda diatribes fashion the psychological atmosphere of utter and complete unreason and the hatred which instigated and made possible these atrocities in the East. hundred thousand persons be exterminated, it is enough to pause on this questi* Without these incitements of Fritzsche, how much harder it would have been for these conspirators to have effected the conditions which made possible the extermination of millions of people in the East.
THE PRESIDENT: Would that be a convenient time to break off?
(Whereupon, a recess was called at 1125 hours.)
conspirators in ruthlessly exploiting the occupied countries. Again I read an excerpt from his radio broadcast of the 9th of October 1941, found at page 2102 and 2103, of the BBS translation. I would like to cut it down, but it is one of those long German sentences that just can not be broken down:
"Today we can only say: Blitzkrieg or no--this German thunderstorm has cleansed the atmosphere of Europe. It is quite true that the dangers threatening us were eliminated one after the other with lightning speed; but in these lightning blows which shattered England's allies on the Continent, we saw not a proof of the weakness, but a proof of the strength and superiority of the Fuehrer's gift as a statesman and military leader; a proof of the German peoples' force; we saw the proof that no opponent can stand up to the courage, discipline, and readiness for sacrifice displayed by the German soldier; and we are particularly grateful for these lightning, unmatched victories, because embarking on the organization of Europe and of lifting of the treasures"-I would like to repeat that--"lifting of the treasures of this old continent, already now in the middle of war, without it being necessary for millions and millions of German soldiers to be on guard, fighting day and night along this or that threatened frontier; and the possibilities of this continent are so rich that they suffice for any need of peace or war." at paragraph thirty-nine of his affidavit:
"The utilization of the productive capacity of the occupied countries for the strengthening of the war potential, I have openly and gloriously praised, chiefly because the competent authorities put at my disposal much material, especially on the voluntary placement of manpower." praised the exploitation policy of the German Reich, chiefly or especially because the competent authorities gave him a sales talk on the voluntary placement of manpower. system. Fritsche continued as the head of the German Press Division until after the conspirators had begun the last of their aggressions.
In November 1942 Goebbels created a new position, that of Plenipotentiary for the Political Organization of the Greater German Radio, a position which Fritsche was the first and the last to hold. In paragraph thirty-five, Document No. 3469-PS, the Fritsche affidavit, Fritsche narrates how the entire German Radio and Television System was organized under his supervision. That is at page twentynine of your document book. He states:
"My office practically represented the high command of German radio."
THE PRESIDENT: And where is that?
CAPTAIN SPRECHER: That is in paragraph thirty-five-
THE PRESIDENT: I am told it is the last line of paragraph thirty-six-"My office practically represented the high command--"
CAPTAIN SPRECHER: I am very grateful to Your Honors. German Radio, Fritsche issued orders to all the Reich propaganda offices by teletype. These were used in conforming the entire radio apparatus of Germany to the desires of the conspirators.
Goebbels customarily held an eleven o'clock conference with his closest collaborators within the Propaganda Ministry. When both Goebbels and his undersecretary, Dr. Naumann, were absent, Goebbels, after 1943, entrusted Fritsche with the holding of this eleven o'clock press conference.
In Document No. 3255-PS the Court will find Goebbels' praise of Fritsche's broadcasts. This praise was given in Goebbels' introduction to a book by Fritsche called, "War to the War Mongers." I would like to offer the quotation in evidence as U.S.A. Exhibit No. 724, from the Rundfunk Archiv, at page eighteen of Your Honors' document book. This is Goebbels speaking:
"Nobody knows better than I how much work is involved in those broadcasts, how many times they were dictated within the last minutes to find some minutes later a willing ear by the whole nation." So we have it from Goebbels himself that the entire German nation was prepared to lend willing ears to Fritsche, after he had made his reputation on the radio.
The rumor passed that Fritsche was "His Master's Voice" (Die Stimme Seines Herren). This is certainly borne out by Fritsche's functions. When Fritsche spoke on the radio it was indeed plain to the German people that they were listening to the high command of the conspirators in this field.
conspirator who signed decrees or as the type of conspirator who sat in the inner councils planning all of the overall grand strategy of these conspirators. The function of propaganda is, for the most part, apart from the field of such planning. The function of a propaganda agency is somewhat more analogous to an advertising agency or public relations department, the job of which is to sell the product and to win the market for the enterprise in question. Here the enterprise, we submit, was the Nazi conspiracy. In a conspiracy to commit fraud, the gifted salesmen of the conspiratorial group is quite as essential and quite as culpable as the master planners, even though he may not have contributed substantially to the formulation of all the basic strategy, but rather contributed to the artful execution of this strategy. was a weapon of tremendous importance to this conspiracy. We further content that the leading propagandists were major accomplices in this conspiracy, and further, that Fritsche was a major propagandist.
When Fritsche entered the Propaganda Ministry, the most fabulous "lie factory" of all time, and thus attached himself to this conspiracy, he did this with a more open mind than most of these conspirators who had committed themselves at an earlier date, before the seizure of power. He was in a particularly strategic position to observe the frauds committed upon the German people and upon the world by these conspirators. of unconditional obedience and subservience to the Fuehrer, and thus abdicated his more or less responsibility to these conspirators, he had observed at first hand the operations of the storm troopers and the Nazi race pattern in action, When, notwithstanding this, Fritshce undertook to bring the German news agencies in their entirety within Fascist control, he learned from the inside, indeed from Goebbels' own lips, much of the cynical intrigue and many of the bold lies against opposition groups within and without Germany. He observed, for example the opposition journalists, a profession to which he had previously been attached, being forced out of existence, crushed to the ground--either absorbed or eliminated.
He continued to support the conspiracy. He learned from day to day the art of intrigue and quackery in the process of perverting the German nation, and he grew in prestige and influence as he practiced this art.
but Fritsche's relative shrewdness and subtlety, his very ability to be more assuring and "to find," as Goebeels said, "willing ears of the whole nation," these things made him the more useful the press or by radio.
In 1942, when Fritsche transferred from the field of radio.
Fritsche is not in the dock as a free journalist, In conclusion, I wish only to say this.
Without the propaganda it is because of Fritsche's able role on behalf of the Nazi
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: May it please the Tribunal. It was Jones in the case of the Defendant Hess.
I understand that the the moment ; if so, Major Harcourt Barrington is prepared to make the
THE PRESIDENT: Yes. We understood that the Defendant Hess's
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: If your Lordship please, then Major
MAJOR HARCOURT BARRINGTON: My Lords, I understand that the up here yet, but they can get them in a very few minutes.
Would got them?
THE PRESIDENT: Very well. Go on then.
MAJOR BARRINGTON: May it please the Tribunal. It is my duty to present the case against the Defendant von Papen.
Before I begin
THE PRESIDENT: Does that mean that the French and the Soviet are not?
MAJOR BARRINGTON: My Lord, we did not prepare French and Soviet other Defendants, with the guilt of the conspiracy itself.
The
THE PRESIDENT: Major Barrington, the French members of the
MAJOR BARRINGTON: My Lord, there should be a German document book for the French member.
I understand it is now being fetched.
Should I wait until it arrives?
THE PRESIDENT: I think you can go on.
MAJOR BARRINGTON; The Defendant Papen is charged primarily allegations specified in Appendix "A" of the Indictment.
These are (1) He promoted the accession of the Nazi conspirators to (2) He participated in the consolidation of their control (3) He promoted the preparations for war.
(4) He participated in the political planning and preparation in Austria.
This evidence need only be summarized now. But if the innocent respectability.
It is therefore desirable to put the Papen himself claims to have rejected many times Hitler's request that he should actually join the Nazi Party.