Q. And the last question: Whom do you consider as guilty of the initiation of the criminal war against Soviet Russia?
A. May I please have the question repeated?
GENERAL RUDENKO: May I repeat the question?
THE PRESIDENT: The Tribunal is about to address an observation to General Rudenko. The Tribunal thinks that a question such as you have just put, as to who was guilty for the aggression upon Soviet territory, is one of the main questions which the Tribunal has to decide, and therefore is not a question upon which the witness ought to give his opinion.
Is that what counsel for the defense wish to object to?
DR. LATERNSER(Counsel for the General Staff): Yes, Mr. President, that was to be the observation. BY GENERAL RUDENKO:
Q. Then perhaps the Tribunal will permit me to put this question in another way. against the Soviet Union?
A. As far as the defendants are concerned, I would say the most important military advisors to Hitler. That would be Chief of Staff Keitel, Chief of the Operational Branch Jodl, and Goering, in his duty as Reichsmarshal, as Commander of the Air Forces, and as Plenipotentiary for Armament Measures.
Q. In conclusion, I will summarize what I concluded from your testimony, that long before the 22nd of June the Hitlerite Government and the High Command were planning an aggressive war against the Soviet Union for the purpose of colonizing the territory of the Soviot Union.
A. I have no doubt of that according to the developments as I pictured them, and also in connection with all the directives as they were contained in the well-known Green file.
GENERAL RUDENKO: I have no more questions, Mr. President.
THE PRESIDENT: Does any member of the French Prosecution wish to ask any questions?
FRENCH PROSECUTION: No.
THE PRESIDENT: The British?
BRITISH PROSECUTION: No.
THE PRESIDENT: The United States?
UNITED STATES PROSECUTION: No.
THE PRESIDENT: Any member of the defendants' counsel?
DR. LATERNSER: Mr. President, I beg, as the defender for the General Staff, that the Tribunal afford me the opportunity to put the questions which I would like to put tomorrow forenoon. The witness is quite a surprise for the defense counsel, as far as questions which have to be put, especially because of the importance of the testimony, and I would live to have the privelege of postponing my cross examination untill tomorrow mornings' session
THE PRESIDENT: General Rudenko, if the Prosecution has no objection, the Tribunal thinks that this application ought to be granted.
GENERAL RUDENKO: If the Tribunal so wishes, the Prosecution will not object.
THE PRESIDENT: Yes, very well. I don't know whether any other member of the defendants' counsel would prefer to cross examine now.
DR. NELTE: (Counsel for defendant Keitel): Mr. President, I assume that all of us defense counsel may conduct our cross examiniation in the morning.
THE PRESIDENT: Yes, certainly. I was only asking whether any other member of the defendants' counsel would prefer to cross examine now.
DR. NETLE: I personally would like to be able to put my questions after the recess.
THE PRESIDENT: Very well. Then, General Rudenko, the witness can retire and the case will go on. He will be recalled tomorrow morning, and in the meantime you will go on with your case.
General, you won't, I presume, think it necessary to read any more of Field Marshal Paulus' statement, will you?
GENERAL RUDENKO: No.
THE PRESIDENT: Very well, go on, then,
GENERAL ZORYA: Referring to the report concerning the beginning of the attack on the Soviet Union, I would like to remind the Tribunal that in the morning session of the Tribunal on November 30, 1945, the witness Lahousen w testifying and gave testimony which is interest to our case, identifying the persons who were participating in the counter-espionage service.
Section I of the German Military Intelligence and Counter-Intelligence Services Lieutenant-General Hans Pickenbrock, Lahousen's former colleague. The witness deposed this testimony on November 19, 1945, and the the present I would like to read only the following lines from Pickenbrock's testimony, which are on page 1 of the Russian text and on page 334 of the document book.
"I must say," said Pickenbrock, "that already since August and September 1940 the Foreign Army's Section of the General Staff began to increase considerably its intelligence assignments to the Abwehr (Counter-intelligence) concerning the USSR. These assignments were unquestionably connected with the preparation of war against Russia.
"The more precies dates for Germany's attack on the Soveit Union I learned in January 1941 from Canaris. I do not know what sources Canaris used, but he told me that the attack on the Soviet Union was fixed for the 15th May." er chief of Department III of the German Military Intelligence and CounterIntelligence Service, Lieutenant General Franz von Bentivegni of the German Army, which was given by him on December 28, 1945. I present those documents under No. USSR.-230.
I shall at the moment also read only those parts of Bentivegni's testimony question of the commencement of preparations for war against the Soviet Union. Those two excerpts are on page 37 in the document book which was submitted to the Military Tribunal.
"I learned first of Germany's preparations for a military attack on the Soviet Union in August 1940, from the head of the German Intelligence and Counter-Intelligence Service, Admiral Canaris. In an unofficial conversation which took place in Canaris' office, he told me that Hitler had started to take measures for an Eastern campaign, which he had spoken about as early as 1938 in his speech at a meeting of Gauleiters in Berlin.
"Canaris said to me that these plans of Hitler's had now begun to take concrete form.
This was evident from the fact that divisions of the German army were being forwarded in large numbers from the West to the Eastern frontiers and, in accordance with a special order by Hitler, were taking up positions from which to start the coming invasion of Russia." which Fascist Germany's military preparations for the treacherous attack on the Soviet Union took place, I should like to pause at the testimony of General Mueller of the former German Army. This testimony, dated January 8, 1946, I will present to the Tribunal as USSR 149.
THE PRESIDENT (Interposing): General, on this document of General Mueller, does it appear where that document was made and where General Mueller is now?
GENERAL ZORYA: At the end of the first sheet of his testimony there is a date which was written in handwriting, January 8, 1946.
THE PRESIDENT: Where?
GENERAL ZORYA: If I might have a look at the photostatic copy which I just presented to the Tribunal, I would be able to tell where that took place.
THE PRESIDENT: Yes, but there are many prisoner of war camps. We want to know which one and where it is.
GENERAL ZORYA: In a camp located near Moscow.
THE PRESIDENT: Has this document got any authenticating signature on it at all? So far as we are concerned, isn't it simply a photostatic copy of a writing by somebody?
GENERAL ZORYA: Mr. President, this document, like all other documents which have been submitted so far by the Soviet delegation, and those which we intend to present furhter, is a certified photostatic copy. undertook to take steps to comply with it, and the originals of these documents will be certified and they will be presented to the Secretary General.
THE PRESIDENT: Can you tell us where the writer of the document is now?
GENERAL ZORYA: I hardly will be able to tell mare than what I have already said. Perhaps, if the Tribunal will permit me, I can consult my colleagues and report to the Tribunal very shortly where General Mueller is at present.
THE PRESIDENT: Well, we will adjourn now. That will enable you to consult your colleagues.
(A recess was taken.)
DR. NELTE (Counsel for Defendant Keitel): Mr. President, I regret that I also have to say about the document of the Prosecutor under USSR 149, which has been presented under that number--I have to make the same objection and the some request which I made this morning. As much as I know that the Tribunal in regard to this question has not yet made a decision -
THE PRESIDENT: I beg your pardon, Dr. Nelte. The Tribunal has already made a decision.
I think it would be better if, when Defendants' Counsel go to the place from which they wish to speak, they would arrange these earphones before they speak. They pointed out the other day to Counsel for the Soviet Union that documents which were not identified as authentic documents must be identified as authentic, and the Soviet Prosecutor at that time undertook to certify that all documents which he made use of were certified as authentic documents. If they are not so certified, they will be struck out of the record. That ruling applies to this document. report, to the Government of the Soviet Union, but it doesn't contain on its face any certification showing that it is an authentic document. The Counsel for the Soviet Union said before we adjourned that he undertook, as he had already undertaken--that he undertook to produce a certificate that the document was an authentic document; that is to say, that it was prepared, written, by the person who purported to write it, and in those circumstances, the Tribunal accepts the document provisionally. from the record.
Dr. NELTE: If I understand you correctly, Mr. President, then, with regard to this letter that is sent to the Government of the USSR, or a statement, this will be a document or a proof for the content of the statement.
THE PRESIDENT: Certainly. I have already said provided that it is certified as an authentic document. I have said that more than once.
DR. NELTE: In this way, each letter which would be sent to the Prosecution or the Government of the Soviet Union or any other Prosecution, any letter, by certification that it had been written in fact by the writer, that would make it documentary proof which would make it impossible for the Defense to call for the witness for cross examination of the witness.
THE PRESIDENT: That depends where the witness is. We are dealing with witnesses who are scattered all over the globe, and, as we are informed, it is not practical in the Soviet Union for affidavits to be made in such cases, and, therefore, the Tribunal considers that such a document as this falls within Article 19, provided it is an authentic document. witnesses to this Court, but we can not undertake to bring witnesses from all over the world, upon questions which are very often of very little importance.
DR. NELTE: I understand quite the difficulties, and I am grateful to the Tribunal for intending to help us. I only ask in each of these cases to ascertain where the person is who has made that statement, where his residence is, so that the Defense could at least make the attempt to reach him.
THE PRESIDENT: Yes. If the witness is in, or in the immediate vicinity of, Nurnberg, the Tribunal would think that it was only fair if such a document as this were to be put in evidence, that he should be produced for examination, or cross-examination by the Defendants' Counsel, but we do not understand that the man who worte this letter is in the vicinity of Nurnberg. We have no reason to think he is, and I am reminding that the Defendants' Counsel can always apply, if they think right, to issue interrogatories which would be put to any such person as this who has written such a document as this.
DR. NELTE: Thank you.
GENERAL ZORYA: I have made inquiries during the adjournment about General Mueller. General Mueller is in a prisoner of war camp, Numver 27, in Krosnergov.
Can I continue my statement?
THE PRESIDENT: Where did you say he was?
GENERAL ZORYA: Krosnegov. It is in the neighborhood of Moscow. Can I continue now?
THE PRESIDENT: Certainly.
GENERAL ZORYA: The materials which up to now I have produced were produced from the high-ranking command of the German Army. General Mueller belongs, if one can express it thus, to the central link of the body of German generals. He was the Chief of Staff of the Army and commanded an Army Corps. His testimony reflects a series of events which can be acknowledged as deserving attention. I shall read the first pages of this testimony. The preparation for the attack on the Soviet Union is described by him. I shall draw your attention to Page 40 in the document book. On the first page you will see about General Mueller. The third paragraph is marked in red pencil, and now I shall read it:
"The preparation for the attack on the Soviet Union began as early as July 1940. At that time I was chief of staff of "C" Army Group at Dijon in France. General Field Marshal von Leeb was in command. This army group consisted of the 1st, 2nd and 7th armies, which were occupation armies in France. Besides this, army group "A" (Rundstedt), whose task was to prepare operation 'Sealion' (the invasion of England) and army group 'B' was transferred to the East (Poznan). The staff of army group 'B' was given the following forces, transferred from France (part of the armies of occupation): The 12th, 4th and 18th Armies, plus some other corps and about 30 divisions. Of this number, same of the divisions were taken from army group 'B'.
"Directly after the campaign in the West, the OKH gave the order for the demobilization of 20 divisions. This order was cancelled, and the 20 divisions were not demobilized. Instead of this, after their return to Germany, they were sent on leave, and thus kept ready for "Both measures, the transfer of about 500,000 men to the "The next order which gives evidence of Germany's preparations (the 11th), several army corps and about 40 infantry divisions.
The by the Commander of the reserve army (Colonel General Fromm), partly in France, but mainly in Germany.
Towards the end of September 1940 the OKH called me to Fontainebleau.
The Quartermaster General of (afterwards Field Marshal) Paulus, informed me, at first orally, of the order that my staff (the staff of Army Group C.) was to be (Colonel General Weichs), which formed part of this Army Group, to Munich (also by November 1.""In accordance with this order, confirmed later on by a written these units was carried out on time."
THE PRESIDENT: General, I don't think it is necessary to read
GENERAL ZORYA: I am not reading it. I am just referring to has occupied the whole army.
It is to carry out this plan, preparatory to an attack on the Soviet Union.
These plans were and I am now referring to it.
The excerpts which I am reading are underlined in blue pencil, page 2 and 3 of the Russian text.
The "Towards the end of January 1941 I received telegraphic orders exercises at St. Germain (near Paris) of Rundstedt's army group.
South Poland in the direction of Kiev. The plan had in mind the intention also of the participation of Rumanian troops.
In the main refer later.
The director of the military exercises was the Chief of Staff of the Rundstedt army group.
There were present: Rundstedt, Halder, the Chiefs of Staff; of the 6th Army, Colonel Heim; of the 11the Army, Colonel Weler, and of Kleist's tank group, Colonel Zwickler and several Generals of the armoured forces.
The military exercises were held at the place occupied by Rundstedt's army group, approximately between the 31st January and 2nd February, 1941.
The tank forces."
Plan Barbarossa, had appeared. I shall now pass on to the second Union.
I have in mind the measures of field intelligence according number 1229-PS.
In our five documents it is offered under pages of the armies on Germany's eastern frontier should be concealed in regulated.
These activities consisted of taking measures to conceal, According to Pickenbrock's testimony, the intensification of the work On pages 1, 2 and 3 of the Russian text of Bentivegni's deposition, it states as follows (underlined in blue pencil): this "As early as November 1940 I received from Canaris orders to taking place."
On the second page, page 38, the first paragraph:
"In accordance with this order, I immediately gave the organs 'Abwehrstelle,' 'Koenigsberg,' 'Cracow,' 'Breslau,' 'Vienna,' 'Danzig,' and 'Poznan,' the task of intensifying the counter intelligence work."
the five documents, I read:
"In March 1941 I received from Canaris the following directives "a) Preparation of all links of 'Abwehr III' (Counter Intelligence, Department III) for carrying out active counter "b) Spreading false information via their foreign intelligence "c) Counter intelligence measures to keep secret the prepara the transfer of troops to the east be kept secret."
in connection with the preparation and execution of Plan Barbarossa:
the second and third paragraphs. Pickenbrock states:
"In March 1941 I was present at a conversation between Canaris and the head of the Diversion and Sabotage Department, 'Abwehr II,' "I, personally, as head of 'Abwehr I,' beginning in February East Department, Colonel Kinzel.
These conversations dealt with the more precise definition of various tasks assigned to 'Abwehr,' with preparation of the attack on the Soviet Union.
I now skip one The field offices of the "Abwehrstelle," which were working against Russia, were given the task of intensifying the dispatch of agents to the USSR.
A similar task - the intensification of espionage work against Russia - was given to all intelligence organs existing in the armies and army groups. For the more successful direction of all these "Abwehr" organs, a special intelligence staff was created in May 1941 under the code name of "Wally I." pointed to direct operation "Wally I." Later, when following our example, "Abwehr 2" and "Abwehr 3" had also established staffs "Wally 2" and "Wally 3", this organ became known as a whole staff "Wally", and directed the entire intelligence, counter-intelligence, and diversionary work against the USER. At the head of staff "Wally" was Colonel Schmalschlaeger.
I now pass on to the last paragraph of Lahousen's statement; that is page 36 in the book of documents. From numerous reports given by Colonel Lahousen and Canaris, at which I was also present, I know that a great amount of preparatory work for the war with the Soviet Union carried out by this department. In the period of February to May 1941 many conferences of the leaders of "Abwehr 2" took place at the quarters of Jodl's deputy, General Warlimont. They were held in a cavalry school, in the small town of Krampnitz. One particular question settled at these conferences, in accordance with the needs of the war with Russia, was that of increasing the special task units "Brandenburg 800, and of distributing contingents of these units amongst the individual army groups."
That was in Pickenbrock's testimony which just was read, and are his references to a special task with which Lahousen's department was entrusted, and to special task units known under the Code name of "Brandenburg 800." the German Army, Erwin Stoltze, who was Lahousen's deputy in the second department of the German Military Intelligence and Counter-intelligence Service at the Supreme Command of the German Armed Forces. to the Tribunal Stoltze's testimony of the 25th of December, 1945, which was given to Col.
Vorasniko of the Red Army, and is No. USSR 231, and beg that it may be accepted as evidence.
I will read extracts from this evidence which are underlined with red pencil. I commence the quotation on page 48 of the book of documents, which starts with the evidence as follows: "I received instructions from Lahousen to organize and to lead a special group under Code name 'A', which had to engage in the preparation of diversionary acts, and in the work of disintegration of the Soviet rear in connection with the intended attack on USSR". it and for my guidance, Lahousen gave me an order which came from the Operational Staff of the Armed Forces and was signed by Field Marshall Keitel and General Jodl - or General Warlimont on Keitel's instructions, I do not quite remember, and which contained basic directives for the conduct of subversive activities in the territory of the USSR after Germany's attack on the Soviet Union. The order in question was for the first time marked with the code name "Barbarossa."
I am leaving the two lines, and I am reading further. It was pointed out in the order that for the purpose of delivering a lightening blow against the Soviet Union, "Abwehr 2", in conducting subversive work against Russia, must use its agents for kindling national antagonism among the peoples of the Soviet Union. is on the second page of the propaganda or questionnaire, and the Tribunal will note the following places in the document. "In carrying out the abovementioned instructions of Keitel and Jodl, I contacted Ukrainian Nationalists, who were in the German Intelligence Service, and other members of the Nationalist Fascist groups, whom I roped in to carry out the tasks as set out above.
"In particular, instructions were given by me personally to the leaders of the Ukrainian Nationalists, the German Agents Myelnik (code name 'Consul I') and Bandara to organize, immediately upon Germany's attack on the Soviet Union, and to provoke demonstrations in the Ukraine in order to disrupt the immediate rear of the Soviet armies, and also to convince international public opinion of alleged disintegration of the Soviet rear.
We also prepared special diversionist groups for subversive activi-
ties in the Baltic Soviet Republics." documents, beginning with the testimony of Stoltze, and reading:
"Apart from this, a special military unit was trained for subversive activities on Soviet territory, a special duty training regiment 'Brandenburg 800' under the immediate command of the head of 'Abwehr 2', Lahausen. Among the objects of this special unit, created in 1940, was the seizure of operationally important points, such as bridges, tunnels, and defense installations, and hold them till the arrival of the advance units of the German Army." war, the personnel of the regiments, formed mainly of Germans from beyond the frontiers, made wide use of the adversary's army uniforms, equipment and arms, in order to camouflage their operations.
"During the course of preparations for Germany's attack on the USSR, the command of the 'brandenburg 800' regiment also collected supplies of Red Army uniforms, equipment and arms, and organized separate detachments of Germans acquainted with the Russian language." of evidence of Stoltze, Bentivegni and Pickenbrock disclosed the working methods of the German Intelligence Service in the preparation and execution of "Plan Barbarossa". I shall no longer occupy the attention of the Tribunal on these questions. But, before I continue further my presentation, I should like to point out that the intelligence work in Germany was also the subject of activities of the defendant Kaltenbrunner's department. I shall limit myself to submitting one document which is characteristic of how the Hitlerites, by using their connections, created difficulties in Iran, through which, as is known, the routes passed for the delivery to the USSR of motor vehicles and of the most varied war materials. USSR No. 178, was taken by us from the German Foreign Office Archives, which were captured by the advancing units of the Red Army. This is defendant Kaltenbrunner's letter to the defendant Ribbentrop. The letter is typed on the letterhead of the Chief of the Security Police and SD.
In the document book which is in front of you this document is on page 42. I quote extracts from this letter, which are underlined:
"28 July 1943 "We have made direct contact with Iran and have received infor the Iranian Parliamentary elections."
And a few lines further is stated:
"In order to have a decisive influence on the elections, bribes "For Teheran - 400,000 Tumans and for the rest of Iran at least "It should be noted that nationally oriented Iranian circles expect Germany's intervention.
"I beg you to inform me whether it is possible to get one million Tumans from the Foreign Office.
This money can be sent with fuehrer."
which interested the Reich Foreign Minister. episode. and of the Reich Fuehrer SS strengthened and developed more and more. As a result, a very curious document appeared, which can be entitled an agreement between Himmler and Ribbentrop on the organization of intelligence work. I submit this document as USSR No. 120, and request the Tribunal to accept it as documentary evidence.
The text of this document ison the pages numbered 53 and 55 in the book of documents which are in front of you.
The text of this agreement will be read by me. I read the marked parts:
"By the order dated the 12th of February, 1944, the Fuehrer has entrusted the Reich Fuehrer SS with the creation of a unified German Secret Intelligence Service. The Secret Intelligence Service has as its purpose, so far as foreign countries are concerned, to get information in the political, military, economic and technical spheres for the Reich. In addition, the Fuehrer has established that the direction of the Intelligence Service, in so far as foreign countries are concerned, must be conducted in agreement with the Foreign Minister. In this connection, the following agreement between the Reich Foreign Minister and the Reichsfuehrer SS was arrived at:
"1. The Secret Intelligence Service of the Reichsfuehrer SS represents an important instrument for obtaining information in the sphere of foreign politics, and this instrument is placed at the disposal of the Foreign Minister. The first condition for this is close, comradely and loyal cooperation between the Foreign Office and the headquarters of the Reich Security Service. The collection of information on foreign politics by the Diplomatic Service is not affected by this.
"2. The Foreign Office places at the disposal of the Headquarters of the Reich Security Services the information on the situation in the field of foreign politics necessary for the conduct of the Intelligence Service and the directive regarding German foreign policy. It hands over to the Headquarters of the Reich Security Service its intelligence and other tasks in the sphere of foreign policy, which are to be performed by the organs of the Secret Intelligence Service.
"3. Intelligence material in the field of foreign politics, obtained by the Secret intelligence Service, is placed--"
THE PRESIDENT: Will you give a sufficient summary of this document with which you are dealing. To say that it is a document signed by Himmler and Ribbentrop and it shows that there was a unification of the German Secret Intelligence Service and the details of that unification are not really a matter which very much concerns this Tribunal, and, therefore, as we are directed by the Charter to be as expeditious as possible, it is not necessary to read all the details of this unification.
MAJOR GENERAL ZORYA: I shall summarize this document, but I must say that this agreement, signed by Himmler and Ribbentrop, created such a situation at the time that it was difficult to distinguish the conditions of Fascist Germany, where it begun, the activity of Ribbentrop and Kaltenbrunner. If the Tribunal will allow, I shall carry on with the presentation of the next document. This document I read just now, I mean the counter espionnage abroad that I mentioned, that under the name of German diplomatic representatives in countries which were in ordinary diplomatic relations with Germany, the Gestapo actually worked in these countries. paragraph, No. 3.
III Germany's Satellites.
When the plan "Barbarossa" was read at Court, in my opinion, only one part of the whole plan received comparatively little attention.
I have in mind part 2 of the "Barbarossa" version (No. 446-PS) bearing the name of "Presumed allies and their tasks". the Tribunal's attention.
In the first place, allow me to remind you of the contents of this part:
Document No. 446-PS, page 14 of the Document book. The document is already presented to the Tribunal. I am reading now the second count:
"1. On the flanks of our operation, we can count upon the active participation of Rumania and Finland in the war against Soviet Russia.
"The Supreme Command of the German Army will, at the appropriate time, settle and lay down in what way the armed forces of the two countries will be subordinated to the German command on their entry into the war.
"2. Rumania's task will be to tie up, incooperation with the group of the armed forces advancing there, the enemy forces facing her, and, for the rest, to maintain the auxiliary services in the rear area.
"3. Finland will have to cover the advance of the German Northern landing group (units of the XXI groups) due to arrive from Norway, and then operate together with it. In addition, it will be up to Finland to liquidate the Russian Forces in Hango.
"4. It is possible to count upon the Swedish Railways and Coals being available for the movements of the German Northern group not later than the beginning of the operation." attention was drawn to the sentence which begins this section:
"On the flanks of our operation, we can count upon the active participation of Rumania & Finland in the war against Soviet Russia." the fact that on the 18 December 1941 (the date of the "Barbarossa" document) Rumania and Finland were already following in the wake of the Hitlerite conspirators' predatory policies. cution and which mentions Germany's presumed allies in her aggression against the USSR.
This is the document bearing the number C-39 and entitled "Provisional Plan Barbarossa". It is, as defendant Keitel pointed out in his covering letter, a calendar plan of the preparations for Plan Barbarossa after the 1st June 1941. This plan was confirmed by Hitler.
In part 2 of this document entitled "Negotiations with Friendly Powers", we read:
"a) A request has been, sent to Bulgaria not to reduce to any large extent the units stationed for security reasons, on the Turkish frontier.
"b) The Rumanians have begun, at the instigation of the Commander-in-Chief of the German troops in Rumania, a partial, camouflaged mobilisation in order to be able to close their frontiers against a presumed attack by the Russians.
"c) Hungarian territory will be used for the advance of the Southern Army Group only in so far as it would be expedient for introducing German units to link up the Hungarian and Rumanian forces. Until the middle of June, however, no representations on this subject will be made to Hungary.
"d) Two German divisions have entered the Eastern part of Slovakia, the next ones will be landed in the area of Prossy.
"e) Preliminary negotiations with the Finnish General staff take place as from the 25th May." to the fact that this has shown us the preliminary preparation of aggression on the Roumanian front, having indicated that the measures for organizing the Roumanian army, according to the plan of the German Army, were kept in 1940 with Roumania when the special mission was directed to Roumania. The Fascist leaders, their written agreement was not formulated. It was not always convenient for them. Defendant Ribbentrop, which took place on 12 February 1942. This document was taken from some personal archives of Marshal Antonescu, which was taken by the advancing Red army. This document is placed under page 59, and 62 in your book of documents.
In connection with Ribbentrop's speech in Budapest on Transylvania, Antonescu makes the following entry: The last paragraph of page 2 of the Russian text of the document. Page 60 in the book of documents.
"Without hesitation, I stressed the point that, as early as the beginning of September, when I took over the government of the country, supported only by Monsieur Michael Antonescu, I declared, without asking the opinion of my people, that we must follow a policy of adherence to the Axis powers; I said that this was the only example in the history of nations when two persons dare to make an open declaration and to call upon their people to follow a policy which no doubt could appear only infamous".it to receive wide publicity.